Nutritionists and Dietitians in Adams County, CO
Jess is passionate Registered Dietitian who strives to help individuals foster a positive relationship with food that incorporates intuitive eating, listening to your body’s hunger/fullness cues, and learning flexible eating habits to support overall nutrition. She is committed to helping others overcome eating disorders, disordered eating, and chronic dieting, while providing a safe space to feel heard and understood while doing so. Jess believes in providing individualized, evidence-based care.
Jess is passionate Registered Dietitian who strives to help individuals foster a positive relationship with food that incorporates intuitive eating, listening to your body’s hunger/fullness cues, and learning flexible eating habits to support overall nutrition. She is committed to helping others overcome eating disorders, disordered eating, and chronic dieting, while providing a safe space to feel heard and understood while doing so. Jess believes in providing individualized, evidence-based care.
I love working with clients to explore their relationship with food and body. You can expect that sessions with me will be individualized and collaborative - you are in the driver’s seat! You are the only one that has lived in your body, meaning that you have invaluable experience and wisdom about your own needs. Come with your questions, challenges and goals and we will create a game plan together. Sessions with me are warm and casual. I try to bring levity and laughter into the (virtual) room - but you get to be the judge of my jokes. I practice from an anti-diet, weight inclusive framework.
I love working with clients to explore their relationship with food and body. You can expect that sessions with me will be individualized and collaborative - you are in the driver’s seat! You are the only one that has lived in your body, meaning that you have invaluable experience and wisdom about your own needs. Come with your questions, challenges and goals and we will create a game plan together. Sessions with me are warm and casual. I try to bring levity and laughter into the (virtual) room - but you get to be the judge of my jokes. I practice from an anti-diet, weight inclusive framework.
I am passionate about helping women develop a healthy relationship with food and feel good in their bodies. I will guide you in becoming aware of how your eating habits, lifestyle choices, stress levels, and thoughts may be contributing to your health, weight, and well-being. Together, we'll negotiate small changes, a little at a time that can powerfully transform your life. My training as a Psychology of Eating Coach and a Certified Nutritionist and Fitness Coach enables me to help my clients discover whatever is standing in the way of them reaching, and easily maintaining their health and weight loss goals.
I am passionate about helping women develop a healthy relationship with food and feel good in their bodies. I will guide you in becoming aware of how your eating habits, lifestyle choices, stress levels, and thoughts may be contributing to your health, weight, and well-being. Together, we'll negotiate small changes, a little at a time that can powerfully transform your life. My training as a Psychology of Eating Coach and a Certified Nutritionist and Fitness Coach enables me to help my clients discover whatever is standing in the way of them reaching, and easily maintaining their health and weight loss goals.
Nutrition by Brittany LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CSR, CDN
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Thornton, CO 80229
As an experienced Registered Dietitian I focus on disease prevention and progression with food and lifestyle changes. I am a specialist in renal nutrition and have a strong background in caring for patients with kidney disorders, heart health, diabetes, pregnancy and lactation, thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal disorders.
As an experienced Registered Dietitian I focus on disease prevention and progression with food and lifestyle changes. I am a specialist in renal nutrition and have a strong background in caring for patients with kidney disorders, heart health, diabetes, pregnancy and lactation, thyroid disorders and gastrointestinal disorders.
Hello! I'm Melinda Benz, Registered Dietitian. Are you interested in starting or modifying a plant-based or vegan lifestyle for your health, the animals, the environment, or all of the above, but unsure how to get started? From common plant-based and vegan-related questions, such as "Where do you get your protein?", “How do you meet calcium needs for bone health?" or "Aren’t vegan diets too restrictive?" can make the abundance of nutrition information out there feel overwhelming when trying to make sustainable eating habits and lifestyle changes.
Hello! I'm Melinda Benz, Registered Dietitian. Are you interested in starting or modifying a plant-based or vegan lifestyle for your health, the animals, the environment, or all of the above, but unsure how to get started? From common plant-based and vegan-related questions, such as "Where do you get your protein?", “How do you meet calcium needs for bone health?" or "Aren’t vegan diets too restrictive?" can make the abundance of nutrition information out there feel overwhelming when trying to make sustainable eating habits and lifestyle changes.
It is not often we are encouraged to honor our bodies needs. We live in world that teaches us to "watch it" and "have it together", especially around weight and food. Unfortunately, this constant pressure to "be good" can play a role in constant dieting, restricting, binging, purging and an all or nothing attitude around exercise. Fortunately, we can make peace with food and our bodies again. My approach of somatic nutrition therapy and coaching teaches intuitive eating and body wisdom skills to learn to trust our bodies again.
It is not often we are encouraged to honor our bodies needs. We live in world that teaches us to "watch it" and "have it together", especially around weight and food. Unfortunately, this constant pressure to "be good" can play a role in constant dieting, restricting, binging, purging and an all or nothing attitude around exercise. Fortunately, we can make peace with food and our bodies again. My approach of somatic nutrition therapy and coaching teaches intuitive eating and body wisdom skills to learn to trust our bodies again.
Essential Nutrition, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CIEC
Verified Verified
Westminster, CO 80031
Looking for a nutrition professional who listens & takes your concerns to heart? Who tailors advice to YOUR unique needs? Who communicates with your healthcare providers on your behalf? At Essential Nutrition we care about your health & well-being. We take great pride in making sure we provide the best nutritional care possible. We are a group practice of Registered Dietitians who specialize in a variety of health conditions. We are "anti-dieting," "pro-peace" with food and bodies; and we blend evidence-based care with best practices of integrative medicine. We LOVE what we do. And we would love to help you! Please contact us today!
Looking for a nutrition professional who listens & takes your concerns to heart? Who tailors advice to YOUR unique needs? Who communicates with your healthcare providers on your behalf? At Essential Nutrition we care about your health & well-being. We take great pride in making sure we provide the best nutritional care possible. We are a group practice of Registered Dietitians who specialize in a variety of health conditions. We are "anti-dieting," "pro-peace" with food and bodies; and we blend evidence-based care with best practices of integrative medicine. We LOVE what we do. And we would love to help you! Please contact us today!
Eating Disorder Dietitian specializing in taking an emotionally & psychologically-attuned approach to nutrition counseling. We will go beyond just the "nutrition practicals" of eating and also consider what thoughts, fears, and beliefs are driving any disordered eating patterns. If you're looking for an RD with a warm, compassionate, and creative approach, you are in the right place! Walking through my own anorexia recovery 15 years ago has given me the passion and empathy needed to help others do the same. I see clients virtually in MI, ID, TX, AZ, & CO, and would love to support you in reaching lasting healing and freedom.
Eating Disorder Dietitian specializing in taking an emotionally & psychologically-attuned approach to nutrition counseling. We will go beyond just the "nutrition practicals" of eating and also consider what thoughts, fears, and beliefs are driving any disordered eating patterns. If you're looking for an RD with a warm, compassionate, and creative approach, you are in the right place! Walking through my own anorexia recovery 15 years ago has given me the passion and empathy needed to help others do the same. I see clients virtually in MI, ID, TX, AZ, & CO, and would love to support you in reaching lasting healing and freedom.
Online Dietitians and Nutritionists
We see each client as a unique individual with a story that led you to where you are today - not a stereotype or just a name on a chart. We first seek to listen, understand and connect with you while establishing a safe and trusted space. With an unwavering commitment to you and your family, we'll work as a supportive, grounding presence to help guide you through every moment and ultimately pursue a path of freedom, confidence, and resilience.
We see each client as a unique individual with a story that led you to where you are today - not a stereotype or just a name on a chart. We first seek to listen, understand and connect with you while establishing a safe and trusted space. With an unwavering commitment to you and your family, we'll work as a supportive, grounding presence to help guide you through every moment and ultimately pursue a path of freedom, confidence, and resilience.
Healing from Scratch, we will get to the root causes of your imbalances and help you determine what works best for you based on your individuality. Unlike most dietitians, I'll help you process emotions & rewire mindset blocks that are preventing you from reaching your goals and sustaining transformation. I do not take health insurance. You can book an initial discounted Health Evaluation to sample working together: healingfromscratch.gethealthy.store/health-evaluation.html
Healing from Scratch, we will get to the root causes of your imbalances and help you determine what works best for you based on your individuality. Unlike most dietitians, I'll help you process emotions & rewire mindset blocks that are preventing you from reaching your goals and sustaining transformation. I do not take health insurance. You can book an initial discounted Health Evaluation to sample working together: healingfromscratch.gethealthy.store/health-evaluation.html
My mission is to transform how individuals approach their health and nutrition by promoting mindful eating habits over restrictive diets. I’m committed to providing personalized nutrition counseling that honors each person's unique lifestyle and health goals. By focusing on mindful food choices, I aim to help clients build a positive, sustainable relationship with food. I aim to support and educate individuals in making nourishing choices that enhance their overall well-being and vitality.
My mission is to transform how individuals approach their health and nutrition by promoting mindful eating habits over restrictive diets. I’m committed to providing personalized nutrition counseling that honors each person's unique lifestyle and health goals. By focusing on mindful food choices, I aim to help clients build a positive, sustainable relationship with food. I aim to support and educate individuals in making nourishing choices that enhance their overall well-being and vitality.
Do you struggle with food restriction, compulsive exercise or eating, or obsessive thoughts surrounding food? Do you have a negative body image? Are you an athlete struggling with sports performance, hydration, nutrition? Do you just feel like you need an individualized plan? We can give you answers backed by science. Kindred has been in practice for 15 years and our dietitians have practiced for decades. We have treated thousands of Eating Disorders & Sports Nutrition clients and look forward to adding more people to our community. We offer evening and weekend hours too!
Do you struggle with food restriction, compulsive exercise or eating, or obsessive thoughts surrounding food? Do you have a negative body image? Are you an athlete struggling with sports performance, hydration, nutrition? Do you just feel like you need an individualized plan? We can give you answers backed by science. Kindred has been in practice for 15 years and our dietitians have practiced for decades. We have treated thousands of Eating Disorders & Sports Nutrition clients and look forward to adding more people to our community. We offer evening and weekend hours too!
I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) providing nutrition counseling to adults and teens via telehealth. I offer support for general nutrition and health, fertility, pregnancy, postpartum, diabetes, PCOS, thyroid conditions, in addition to nutrition for mood disorders, anxiety, trauma, ADHD as well as those struggling with chronic dieting, poor body image, and disordered eating.
I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) providing nutrition counseling to adults and teens via telehealth. I offer support for general nutrition and health, fertility, pregnancy, postpartum, diabetes, PCOS, thyroid conditions, in addition to nutrition for mood disorders, anxiety, trauma, ADHD as well as those struggling with chronic dieting, poor body image, and disordered eating.
Becky Bell
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, IFNCP, CLT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wheat Ridge, CO 80033
Ready to lose weight, transform your relationship with food, and be done with dieting for good? If you’ve tried counting calories, points, or carbs and still haven’t seen lasting results, it’s time for a new approach. The diet industry has gotten it wrong. For years you’ve been told to just move more and eat less. But what if you could lose weight by revving up your metabolism instead of slashing calories and spending hours at the gym? You don’t have to feel hangry or deprived in order to lose weight and you don’t have to miss out on social events and making memories with your family in order to achieve your health goals.
Ready to lose weight, transform your relationship with food, and be done with dieting for good? If you’ve tried counting calories, points, or carbs and still haven’t seen lasting results, it’s time for a new approach. The diet industry has gotten it wrong. For years you’ve been told to just move more and eat less. But what if you could lose weight by revving up your metabolism instead of slashing calories and spending hours at the gym? You don’t have to feel hangry or deprived in order to lose weight and you don’t have to miss out on social events and making memories with your family in order to achieve your health goals.
Christine MacCarroll
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MA, FNTP, RWP, BCHN
Verified Verified
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
My clients have often been frustrated by the medical system and are looking to do things differently. In my practice, I offer deep clinical knowledge and powerful personal insight. I help women heal their brains and hormones naturally so that they can get their mood, energy, and mojo back. With my unique tools and proven methods, we figure out how things got jacked up in the first place instead of just throwing a bandaid on the problem or playing “kick the can” with symptoms. And bodies actually heal, so women can start living the badass lives they were designed for.
My clients have often been frustrated by the medical system and are looking to do things differently. In my practice, I offer deep clinical knowledge and powerful personal insight. I help women heal their brains and hormones naturally so that they can get their mood, energy, and mojo back. With my unique tools and proven methods, we figure out how things got jacked up in the first place instead of just throwing a bandaid on the problem or playing “kick the can” with symptoms. And bodies actually heal, so women can start living the badass lives they were designed for.
My speciality is oncology nutrition. I help cancer survivors thrive during treatment, reduce recurrence risk, and eat without stress and fear so that you can get your energy back and feel like yourself again. I also often work with patients with digestive issues and diseases such as gastroparesis, colitis, and IBS as well as people with heart disease, diabetes, and overall weight loss and/or health and nutrition goals.
My speciality is oncology nutrition. I help cancer survivors thrive during treatment, reduce recurrence risk, and eat without stress and fear so that you can get your energy back and feel like yourself again. I also often work with patients with digestive issues and diseases such as gastroparesis, colitis, and IBS as well as people with heart disease, diabetes, and overall weight loss and/or health and nutrition goals.
Hello, my name is Nicole Eckman and I am thrilled to be part of your journey to better health. I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with over 13 years of experience in integrative nutrition to help you achieve your goals. If you are overweight, feeling sluggish, tired, depressed, suffer from gastrointestinal discomfort, food allergies/sensitivities, high cholesterol, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, or you just know that something is missing from your diet-- I can help! I also offer functional testing, to identify food sensitivities, nutrient deficiencies, and GI imbalances.
Hello, my name is Nicole Eckman and I am thrilled to be part of your journey to better health. I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with over 13 years of experience in integrative nutrition to help you achieve your goals. If you are overweight, feeling sluggish, tired, depressed, suffer from gastrointestinal discomfort, food allergies/sensitivities, high cholesterol, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, or you just know that something is missing from your diet-- I can help! I also offer functional testing, to identify food sensitivities, nutrient deficiencies, and GI imbalances.
Ashley Stoker
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, MA, RD, LPCC, NCC
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80521
At Mind + Body Nutrition Counseling, I am here to provide complete and balanced nutrition counseling, behavioral health counseling, medical nutrition therapy, education, and support. I specialize in medical nutrition services that co-occur with behavioral health conditions. I utilize a mind-body, client-centered, collaborative, holistic approach integrating lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, sleep, mindfulness, and stress management to promote wellbeing.
At Mind + Body Nutrition Counseling, I am here to provide complete and balanced nutrition counseling, behavioral health counseling, medical nutrition therapy, education, and support. I specialize in medical nutrition services that co-occur with behavioral health conditions. I utilize a mind-body, client-centered, collaborative, holistic approach integrating lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, sleep, mindfulness, and stress management to promote wellbeing.
Randi Andres is a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist who practices out of Health Loft specializing in working with adults and adolescents with Eating Disorders, PCOS, and Digestive Issues. Her passion is to help clients cultivate a more peaceful relationship with food and their bodies. Through a non-diet, weight inclusive philosophy, Randi enjoys providing the tools and support to clients so that they can learn to nourish their bodies in a safe, non-judgmental, and enjoyable way. She believes that through integrating the principles of intuitive eating and health at every size, everyone can and deserves to achieve food freedom.
Randi Andres is a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist who practices out of Health Loft specializing in working with adults and adolescents with Eating Disorders, PCOS, and Digestive Issues. Her passion is to help clients cultivate a more peaceful relationship with food and their bodies. Through a non-diet, weight inclusive philosophy, Randi enjoys providing the tools and support to clients so that they can learn to nourish their bodies in a safe, non-judgmental, and enjoyable way. She believes that through integrating the principles of intuitive eating and health at every size, everyone can and deserves to achieve food freedom.
Hi! My name is Samantha and I am a Registered Dietitian and owner of Ridgeline Dietetics. I take a real-world approach with optimizing food as a tool to aid in reaching your goals. When it comes to eating habits, too often individuals feel they have to be perfect — like they are walking on the ridgeline of a steep mountain and one wrong step would send their goals toppling off a cliff. While we do need to be intentional, we do not have to be perfect to reach our goals.
Hi! My name is Samantha and I am a Registered Dietitian and owner of Ridgeline Dietetics. I take a real-world approach with optimizing food as a tool to aid in reaching your goals. When it comes to eating habits, too often individuals feel they have to be perfect — like they are walking on the ridgeline of a steep mountain and one wrong step would send their goals toppling off a cliff. While we do need to be intentional, we do not have to be perfect to reach our goals.
FAQs - About Nutritionists and Dietitians
How can I find a dietitian or nutritionist in Adams County?
To find dietitians and nutritionists near you, input your city, town, suburb, zip code, or a provider's name in the search bar at the top of the page. From there, you can filter by specialty, treatment technique, and gender to find a dietitian or nutritionist who matches your needs.
When you visit a dietitian or nutritionist's profile, you can get a better idea if they're the right fit for you. Consider things like session cost, accepted insurance plans, and their location or telehealth options. If someone seems like a good match, you can email them or call the number on their profile. When speaking with a professional, pay attention to whether or not you feel comfortable in the conversation and how knowledgeable they are about your specific nutrition concerns. It may also be helpful to ask more about their general approach to nutrition and the training behind their credentials.
When you visit a dietitian or nutritionist's profile, you can get a better idea if they're the right fit for you. Consider things like session cost, accepted insurance plans, and their location or telehealth options. If someone seems like a good match, you can email them or call the number on their profile. When speaking with a professional, pay attention to whether or not you feel comfortable in the conversation and how knowledgeable they are about your specific nutrition concerns. It may also be helpful to ask more about their general approach to nutrition and the training behind their credentials.
What is the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist?
The terms dietitian and nutritionist are often used interchangeably. However, there are actually key credential differences between dietitians and nutritionists that are important to keep in mind when seeking a nutrition professional.
A registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) has earned at least a graduate degree from an accredited program, completed a supervised practice program, passed the Commission on Dietetic Registration exam, and continues their education regularly. The RD and RDN credentials are regulated by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the largest nutrition-related organization in the country. Only professionals who meet their standards can call themselves an RD or RDN and enjoy privileges like billing insurance. Additionally, RDs and RDNs can get board certifications in specialized areas such as gerontological nutrition (CSG), sports dietetics (CSSD), pediatric nutrition (CSP), renal nutrition (CSR), or oncology nutrition (CSO). They also need state licensure, which usually aligns with national requirements.
In contrast, the title "nutritionist" doesn't require any formal education or credentials; anyone can use the title of nutritionist, including those with very limited or no formal training in nutrition. Although there are certification programs that are marketed toward those interested in nutrition counseling, the rigor and academic requirements for such programs varies greatly. These important differences between dietitians and nutritionists are thus very important to consider when choosing the right nutrition professional for your needs. To be listed in the HealthProfs directory, Nutritionists must have a minimum of a Masters Degree in a relevant field.
A registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) has earned at least a graduate degree from an accredited program, completed a supervised practice program, passed the Commission on Dietetic Registration exam, and continues their education regularly. The RD and RDN credentials are regulated by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the largest nutrition-related organization in the country. Only professionals who meet their standards can call themselves an RD or RDN and enjoy privileges like billing insurance. Additionally, RDs and RDNs can get board certifications in specialized areas such as gerontological nutrition (CSG), sports dietetics (CSSD), pediatric nutrition (CSP), renal nutrition (CSR), or oncology nutrition (CSO). They also need state licensure, which usually aligns with national requirements.
In contrast, the title "nutritionist" doesn't require any formal education or credentials; anyone can use the title of nutritionist, including those with very limited or no formal training in nutrition. Although there are certification programs that are marketed toward those interested in nutrition counseling, the rigor and academic requirements for such programs varies greatly. These important differences between dietitians and nutritionists are thus very important to consider when choosing the right nutrition professional for your needs. To be listed in the HealthProfs directory, Nutritionists must have a minimum of a Masters Degree in a relevant field.
When should I see a dietitian or a nutritionist?
Clients seek nutritional support from dietitians and nutritionists for various reasons, ranging from medical conditions to lifestyle concerns like weight loss or dietary requirements; however, it's always important to find a professional who is a good fit for you. Consider factors such as insurance coverage, your specific medical or dietary concerns, and the availability of professionals near you to determine whether a dietitian or nutritionist may be a better fit.
Generally, nutritionists are not covered by insurance, whereas Registered Dietitians (RDs) often are, especially for those with medical conditions. If you have a chronic medical condition like cancer or kidney disease, you might want to seek out an RD with specialized expertise, such as a Board Certified Specialist in Oncology Nutrition (CSO) or a Board Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition (CSR). These credentials indicate advanced education and a commitment to ongoing learning within a specific area. Additionally, consider the availability of professionals in your area and their openness to telehealth sessions. While the field of dietetics is growing, there may not always be a wide selection of professionals, especially in rural areas. In such cases, focusing on the experience and expertise of the nutrition professional can be more important than their specific credentials.
Generally, nutritionists are not covered by insurance, whereas Registered Dietitians (RDs) often are, especially for those with medical conditions. If you have a chronic medical condition like cancer or kidney disease, you might want to seek out an RD with specialized expertise, such as a Board Certified Specialist in Oncology Nutrition (CSO) or a Board Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition (CSR). These credentials indicate advanced education and a commitment to ongoing learning within a specific area. Additionally, consider the availability of professionals in your area and their openness to telehealth sessions. While the field of dietetics is growing, there may not always be a wide selection of professionals, especially in rural areas. In such cases, focusing on the experience and expertise of the nutrition professional can be more important than their specific credentials.
Do I need a referral to see a dietitian or a nutritionist?
A referral is not required to see a dietitian or nutritionist, and many individuals independently seek nutritional support without prior medical advice. However, for a nutrition service to be covered by insurance, a referral from a primary care physician or another medical professional may be necessary. In such cases, a referral is typically made for those who have been formally diagnosed with a medical condition requiring nutrition counseling, such as diabetes or hypertension. If insurance coverage is critical to a client's ability to see a dietitian, they should contact their insurance provider to determine if a referral is needed for nutritional counseling and to understand any potential co-pays or coverage limits that may apply in their individual circumstance.
How much does it cost to see a dietitian or a nutritionist?
The cost of seeing a dietitian or nutritionist depends on a number of variables, including their location, their specialty, whether they take insurance, and the professional's experience and training. On average, the cost of out-of-pocket sessions with a dietitian or nutritionist within the United States ranges from $50-$150. In some cases, nutrition professionals will require a longer initial evaluation session that will cost more than ongoing follow-up sessions. Dietitians and nutritionists may also offer packages for clients interested in longer-term nutritional support; in such cases, they may charge monthly or other periodic fees for more comprehensive services, such as a combination of nutrition sessions and out-of-session coaching support. If nutrition services are covered by a client's insurance plan and they are eligible for coverage based on any referral requirements, the out-of-pocket cost of seeing a dietitian may be completely covered or significantly reduced.
Are consultations with a dietitian or nutritionist covered by insurance?
If your insurance covers nutrition services, the cost is usually lower than paying out-of-pocket. However, insurance coverage can vary based on factors like your specific plan details, whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network provider, and whether you have a referral for nutrition services based on a medical diagnosis.
Coverage also depends on the type of nutrition service. Typically, insurance plans only cover services provided by a licensed Registered Dietitian (RD) and do not cover those offered by nutritionists or nutrition coaches without the RD credential. If nutrition services are not covered by your insurance, some dietitians and nutritionists may offer sliding scale rates or lower-cost services for clients who cannot afford their full fee. However, these spots are often limited and may not always be available.
Coverage also depends on the type of nutrition service. Typically, insurance plans only cover services provided by a licensed Registered Dietitian (RD) and do not cover those offered by nutritionists or nutrition coaches without the RD credential. If nutrition services are not covered by your insurance, some dietitians and nutritionists may offer sliding scale rates or lower-cost services for clients who cannot afford their full fee. However, these spots are often limited and may not always be available.