Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Nutritionists and Dietitians in Salem, MA

Photo of Jaimie Winkler - Navigate Nutrition with Jaimie Winkler, LLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CEDS-C
Navigate Nutrition with Jaimie Winkler, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CEDS-C
Salem, MA 01970
You are the expert on you, but don't know where to start. The expanse of the internet often provides confusing, unprofessional, and potentially harmful information about nutrition, weight, and health. I am not focused on "perfect" nutrition. Does it even exist? Let's look at the health and weight messages that influence you and find out what's relevant to YOU. Person versus population. We will have an honest conversation about what you need to focus on and how to make it happen. People expect a dietitian to judge them - but most people leave my office with hope, feeling like they are supported in making incremental change.
You are the expert on you, but don't know where to start. The expanse of the internet often provides confusing, unprofessional, and potentially harmful information about nutrition, weight, and health. I am not focused on "perfect" nutrition. Does it even exist? Let's look at the health and weight messages that influence you and find out what's relevant to YOU. Person versus population. We will have an honest conversation about what you need to focus on and how to make it happen. People expect a dietitian to judge them - but most people leave my office with hope, feeling like they are supported in making incremental change.
(617) 917-3217 View (617) 917-3217
Photo of Christine Huntley, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LDN
Christine Huntley
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LDN
Serves Area
I am passionate about nutrition and believe that food should be enjoyed! I am excited about the opportunity to help you achieve your personal health goals using a holistic approach that not only looks at nutrition, but strengthens all the pillars of health, including sleep, movement, and stress. As a busy mom of young children, I understand the challenges of staying on a healthy path. Personal experience with a hectic lifestyle, stress, and insomnia opened my eyes to the importance of uncovering root causes in order to begin the process of re-balancing life.
I am passionate about nutrition and believe that food should be enjoyed! I am excited about the opportunity to help you achieve your personal health goals using a holistic approach that not only looks at nutrition, but strengthens all the pillars of health, including sleep, movement, and stress. As a busy mom of young children, I understand the challenges of staying on a healthy path. Personal experience with a hectic lifestyle, stress, and insomnia opened my eyes to the importance of uncovering root causes in order to begin the process of re-balancing life.
(351) 277-3403 View (351) 277-3403
Photo of Erin Kuta, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RD, LDN
Erin Kuta
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RD, LDN
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
I work with folks navigating eating disorders, disordered eating, body image struggles, PCOS, and IBS.
I'm here to walk alongside you as you build nourishing habits that feel sustainable for your life—whether you're healing from a challenging relationship with food or navigating health concerns without the weight obsession cycle. Here's what I've learned through my own journey and years of practice: nutrition behavior change isn't just about what's on your plate. It's about zooming out to notice the bigger patterns that influence your eating, getting practical about the day-to-day realities (meal planning, cooking, the mental load of it all), and tuning into your internal world—thoughts, emotions, and what your body is telling you.
I work with folks navigating eating disorders, disordered eating, body image struggles, PCOS, and IBS.
I'm here to walk alongside you as you build nourishing habits that feel sustainable for your life—whether you're healing from a challenging relationship with food or navigating health concerns without the weight obsession cycle. Here's what I've learned through my own journey and years of practice: nutrition behavior change isn't just about what's on your plate. It's about zooming out to notice the bigger patterns that influence your eating, getting practical about the day-to-day realities (meal planning, cooking, the mental load of it all), and tuning into your internal world—thoughts, emotions, and what your body is telling you.
(781) 343-8981 View (781) 343-8981

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Maureen Hodgdon - Aligned Nutrition Counseling, Inc., Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Aligned Nutrition Counseling, Inc.
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Serves Area
Currently accepting new clients! Are you ready to ditch the diet, learn how to fuel your body and realign your gut? Do you want to optimize your health and wellness? Our gastrointestinal tract houses the majority of our immune system. The foods we eat can directly affect our immune system causing inflammation and digestive issues. Maureen specializes in the area of gastroenterology and works closely with those with various digestive issues and food sensitivities.
Currently accepting new clients! Are you ready to ditch the diet, learn how to fuel your body and realign your gut? Do you want to optimize your health and wellness? Our gastrointestinal tract houses the majority of our immune system. The foods we eat can directly affect our immune system causing inflammation and digestive issues. Maureen specializes in the area of gastroenterology and works closely with those with various digestive issues and food sensitivities.
(508) 388-1733 View (508) 388-1733
Photo of Amanda Rigby - HealThy Self Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN, CLT
HealThy Self Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN, CLT
Online Only
NEW! Accepting some insurances- Please check the following link for eligibility: visit.berrystreet.co/providers/Amanda-Rigby The diet that is right for you has no name. I know you’ve tried everything because I was you. It was not until I stopped working against my body that I learned I was in control of how good I could feel. I also know you don’t feel well. No one seems to understand why you’d rather stay home, or why it takes you so long to get ready. You don’t recognize yourself anymore. You’re tired of waiting for answers. Most importantly, you just want to feel normal again.
NEW! Accepting some insurances- Please check the following link for eligibility: visit.berrystreet.co/providers/Amanda-Rigby The diet that is right for you has no name. I know you’ve tried everything because I was you. It was not until I stopped working against my body that I learned I was in control of how good I could feel. I also know you don’t feel well. No one seems to understand why you’d rather stay home, or why it takes you so long to get ready. You don’t recognize yourself anymore. You’re tired of waiting for answers. Most importantly, you just want to feel normal again.
(401) 246-8577 View (401) 246-8577
Photo of Jillian Tuchman, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Jillian Tuchman
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Boston, MA 02116
I help people heal from chronic conditions by uncovering the root cause and bringing their bodies back into balance. If you’re ready to get the root causes of your symptoms, heal your body + mind, and are ready to recover your health to start living the life you desire, then I want to help you get there. Whether you’re managing an illness or just want to feel better, I get it - I've been there + know exactly how you feel. With so much conflicting health information out there, it's easy to feel overwhelmed + paralyzed. With my help, you can learn how to put an end to your health struggles + start feeling your best.
I help people heal from chronic conditions by uncovering the root cause and bringing their bodies back into balance. If you’re ready to get the root causes of your symptoms, heal your body + mind, and are ready to recover your health to start living the life you desire, then I want to help you get there. Whether you’re managing an illness or just want to feel better, I get it - I've been there + know exactly how you feel. With so much conflicting health information out there, it's easy to feel overwhelmed + paralyzed. With my help, you can learn how to put an end to your health struggles + start feeling your best.
(551) 257-2215 View (551) 257-2215
Photo of Stuti Purohit, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Stuti Purohit
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Needham, MA 02492
I provide evidence based and practical nutrition therapy to clients with Diabetes, Heart problems, GI conditions – IBS, Chron’s disease, Ulcerative colitis , gastroparesis and pre and post partum pregnancy.
I am conducting sessions via telehealth at this time. which means you don’t have to travel and work with me in your safe setting. Please email or call me to make an appointment.
I provide evidence based and practical nutrition therapy to clients with Diabetes, Heart problems, GI conditions – IBS, Chron’s disease, Ulcerative colitis , gastroparesis and pre and post partum pregnancy.
I am conducting sessions via telehealth at this time. which means you don’t have to travel and work with me in your safe setting. Please email or call me to make an appointment.
(781) 437-7745 View (781) 437-7745
Photo of Shelby Keys, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Shelby Keys
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a Registered Dietitian who specializes in gut health/digestive conditions, weight loss, and behavior modification to sustain a healthier lifestyle. My goal is to help busy individuals optimize and improve their health while implementing science-based, sustainable, and personalized strategies. With over 11+ years of nutrition counseling experience, I am here to empower, educate, and collaborate with you in order to help you achieve your nutrition goals. In our first session you can expect a comprehensive nutrition assessment, as well as education, and counseling in order to create a plan that works specifically for you!
I am a Registered Dietitian who specializes in gut health/digestive conditions, weight loss, and behavior modification to sustain a healthier lifestyle. My goal is to help busy individuals optimize and improve their health while implementing science-based, sustainable, and personalized strategies. With over 11+ years of nutrition counseling experience, I am here to empower, educate, and collaborate with you in order to help you achieve your nutrition goals. In our first session you can expect a comprehensive nutrition assessment, as well as education, and counseling in order to create a plan that works specifically for you!
(585) 401-7092 View (585) 401-7092
Photo of Lauren Adler Dear - Dear Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Dear Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02140
For clients struggling with digestive issues, we help make changes to overcome pain and discomfort from irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS), bloating, GERD/reflux, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, ulcerative colitis, gastroparesis, and other GI-related conditions.
For clients navigating an eating disorder, chronic dieting, or disordered eating, our goal is to help you develop a better relationship with food. We use an Intuitive Eating framework and practice a non-diet approach influenced by the principles of Health at Every Size.
For clients struggling with digestive issues, we help make changes to overcome pain and discomfort from irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS), bloating, GERD/reflux, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, ulcerative colitis, gastroparesis, and other GI-related conditions.
For clients navigating an eating disorder, chronic dieting, or disordered eating, our goal is to help you develop a better relationship with food. We use an Intuitive Eating framework and practice a non-diet approach influenced by the principles of Health at Every Size.
(617) 544-2647 View (617) 544-2647
Photo of Kristine Anne Bahr, Nutritionist/Dietitian, LDN, M.S.
Kristine Anne Bahr
Nutritionist/Dietitian, LDN, M.S.
Online Only
I treat all Gut conditions including IBS, SIBO, diverticulitis, Crohn's, gastroparesis, Vagus Nerve disorders.
I help women navigatie perimenopause and menopause, hormonal imbalances by creating real, lasting change in how they feel day to day. I am not offering quick tips, but deep, transformational support grounded in my own experience, extensive knowledge, and ongoing research. I offer advanced lab testing, including state of the art hormone testing, microbiome testing, and cortisol testing, so we can truly understand what is happening in your body and tailor a plan to your needs.
I treat all Gut conditions including IBS, SIBO, diverticulitis, Crohn's, gastroparesis, Vagus Nerve disorders.
I help women navigatie perimenopause and menopause, hormonal imbalances by creating real, lasting change in how they feel day to day. I am not offering quick tips, but deep, transformational support grounded in my own experience, extensive knowledge, and ongoing research. I offer advanced lab testing, including state of the art hormone testing, microbiome testing, and cortisol testing, so we can truly understand what is happening in your body and tailor a plan to your needs.
(857) 575-4708 View (857) 575-4708
Photo of Jenna Volpe, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
Jenna Volpe
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
Woburn, MA 01801
I have also walked this path first-hand as a former IBS sufferer and "wounded healer".
Are you DONE with feeling tired and inflamed? Do you eat relatively healthy but something is not working for you, and you can't figure it out? Using a holistic and functional nutrition approach, I help people to reverse and heal their gut issues naturally (using food and herbal medicine) so you may enjoy a more vibrant, empowered life!
I have also walked this path first-hand as a former IBS sufferer and "wounded healer".
Are you DONE with feeling tired and inflamed? Do you eat relatively healthy but something is not working for you, and you can't figure it out? Using a holistic and functional nutrition approach, I help people to reverse and heal their gut issues naturally (using food and herbal medicine) so you may enjoy a more vibrant, empowered life!
Photo of Christianna Moran - Cultivate Nutrition Consulting, LLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CNSC
Cultivate Nutrition Consulting, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CNSC
Natick, MA 01760
My primary goal: help you love food. I grew up in a household where food was fun, varied, and adventurous. My Mother was a home economics teacher turned preschool teacher. She taught me how to prepare food in fun ways and to be an adventurous eating. We learned to love food because it was good for our bodies AND because it tasted delicious!
My primary goal: help you love food. I grew up in a household where food was fun, varied, and adventurous. My Mother was a home economics teacher turned preschool teacher. She taught me how to prepare food in fun ways and to be an adventurous eating. We learned to love food because it was good for our bodies AND because it tasted delicious!
(508) 658-9239 View (508) 658-9239
Photo of Kaytee Hadley - The Anti-Ibs Dietitian, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MSc, RDN, IFMCP, CPT
Kaytee Hadley - The Anti-Ibs Dietitian
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MSc, RDN, IFMCP, CPT
Serves Area
Studies show that up to 78% of people with IBS have a condition called SIBO
In order to find healing, we need to first identify what’s causing your symptoms. A simple stool test or colonoscopy often isn’t enough. But there’s so much more we can do! Then, we’ll use the 5 R Approach as our framework to guide your individualized healing journey and restore balance so you can be free of symptoms and get your life back!
Studies show that up to 78% of people with IBS have a condition called SIBO
In order to find healing, we need to first identify what’s causing your symptoms. A simple stool test or colonoscopy often isn’t enough. But there’s so much more we can do! Then, we’ll use the 5 R Approach as our framework to guide your individualized healing journey and restore balance so you can be free of symptoms and get your life back!
(804) 294-4189 View (804) 294-4189
Photo of Erica Carneglia - Actualize Counseling & Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Actualize Counseling & Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I help clients navigate eating disorder recovery, disordered eating, body image concerns, and the stress of building a healthier relationship with food. My style is warm, collaborative, and realistic—not about perfection, judgment, or rigid rules. In our first session, I want to understand what you are hoping for, where you have been, and what feels hardest right now. Whether you are actively struggling, stepping down from higher care, worried about relapse, or trying to maintain balanced eating, we move at a pace that feels supportive, clinically appropriate, and sustainable.
I help clients navigate eating disorder recovery, disordered eating, body image concerns, and the stress of building a healthier relationship with food. My style is warm, collaborative, and realistic—not about perfection, judgment, or rigid rules. In our first session, I want to understand what you are hoping for, where you have been, and what feels hardest right now. Whether you are actively struggling, stepping down from higher care, worried about relapse, or trying to maintain balanced eating, we move at a pace that feels supportive, clinically appropriate, and sustainable.
(508) 374-9602 View (508) 374-9602
Photo of Hannah Pfohl, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CNSC
Hannah Pfohl
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CNSC
Boston, MA 02201
Hi, I'm Hannah! An anti-diet, HAES-aligned, Registered Dietitian and body image specialist dedicated to helping you heal your relationship with food and cultivate body confidence. I empower clients to find love and compassion for themselves as well as freedom from chronic dieting and disordered eating. My work guides clients to rewire thinking about food and eating to ditch dieting for good and finally feel freedom and peace around food. I uses somatic meditations to teach individuals to interpret and respond to the hidden messages lying within the physical body.
Hi, I'm Hannah! An anti-diet, HAES-aligned, Registered Dietitian and body image specialist dedicated to helping you heal your relationship with food and cultivate body confidence. I empower clients to find love and compassion for themselves as well as freedom from chronic dieting and disordered eating. My work guides clients to rewire thinking about food and eating to ditch dieting for good and finally feel freedom and peace around food. I uses somatic meditations to teach individuals to interpret and respond to the hidden messages lying within the physical body.
(215) 608-1402 View (215) 608-1402
Photo of Kate Thomas - Karuna Wellness Studio, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Karuna Wellness Studio
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Norwood, MA 02062
We specialize in nutrition for chronic conditions (like diabetes, high blood pressure, and PCOS), disordered eating and intuitive eating, digestive health ( IBS, IBD, SIBO), mental health (including anxiety, depression, and ADHD), hormonal imbalances, and chronic stress.
You’re overwhelmed. Maybe food feels confusing, or your body feels like a mystery. You’re managing chronic disease, disordered eating, digestive issues, anxiety, picky eating, or meal planning burnout—and you’re done with diets and one-size-fits-all advice. You’re looking for someone who gets it and who will guide you with compassion, evidence, and real-life strategies. Our ideal client wants to feel well physically and mentally—not perfect, just more like themselves again. Parents come to us looking for the same support—for their children, teens, or the whole family.
We specialize in nutrition for chronic conditions (like diabetes, high blood pressure, and PCOS), disordered eating and intuitive eating, digestive health ( IBS, IBD, SIBO), mental health (including anxiety, depression, and ADHD), hormonal imbalances, and chronic stress.
You’re overwhelmed. Maybe food feels confusing, or your body feels like a mystery. You’re managing chronic disease, disordered eating, digestive issues, anxiety, picky eating, or meal planning burnout—and you’re done with diets and one-size-fits-all advice. You’re looking for someone who gets it and who will guide you with compassion, evidence, and real-life strategies. Our ideal client wants to feel well physically and mentally—not perfect, just more like themselves again. Parents come to us looking for the same support—for their children, teens, or the whole family.
(781) 296-8084 View (781) 296-8084
Photo of Karen Kiver Patalano, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MBA, RD, LDN, CDE
Karen Kiver Patalano
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MBA, RD, LDN, CDE
Online Only
Areas of specialty include weight management, avoiding or lowering medications for diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol as well as food sensitivities and sports nutrition. I focus on individual's specific nutritional needs from healthy cooking ideas to supporting extreme fitness endeavors. You will receive recommendations for diet and lifestyle changes to meet your personalized needs and goals. Clients keep a detailed food intake and exercise record using a free online log. By supporting gradual changes over time, the priority is to instill a greater balance in clients thereby creating a more permanent transformation to achieve weight, medical and lifestyle goals.
Areas of specialty include weight management, avoiding or lowering medications for diabetes, blood pressure, and cholesterol as well as food sensitivities and sports nutrition. I focus on individual's specific nutritional needs from healthy cooking ideas to supporting extreme fitness endeavors. You will receive recommendations for diet and lifestyle changes to meet your personalized needs and goals. Clients keep a detailed food intake and exercise record using a free online log. By supporting gradual changes over time, the priority is to instill a greater balance in clients thereby creating a more permanent transformation to achieve weight, medical and lifestyle goals.
(508) 841-3561 View (508) 841-3561
Photo of Lori Barrett, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Lori Barrett
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Serves Area
Let’s get you started with a plan that is custom-made just for you. I have helped hundreds of clients, both children and adults reach their goals, and I make sure every client of mine gets the same personalized treatment to succeed. I want to help you feel your best, and perform your best: in your sport, in school, at work, or at play.
Let’s get you started with a plan that is custom-made just for you. I have helped hundreds of clients, both children and adults reach their goals, and I make sure every client of mine gets the same personalized treatment to succeed. I want to help you feel your best, and perform your best: in your sport, in school, at work, or at play.
(407) 399-0895 View (407) 399-0895
Photo of Jennifer Heinen - Nourish for Life, LLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Nourish for Life, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Cambridge, MA 02140
If you are looking for compassionate dietitians who are dedicated to helping you find balance with food and movement, you have found the right practice! Our skilled dietitians will gently guide you toward your health goals while helping you heal your relationship with food using mindful and Intuitive Eating. We work collaboratively to create attainable and sustainable changes that work for YOU. We take the time to get to know you, to individualize nutrition and movement plans that work for your lifestyle and health needs.
If you are looking for compassionate dietitians who are dedicated to helping you find balance with food and movement, you have found the right practice! Our skilled dietitians will gently guide you toward your health goals while helping you heal your relationship with food using mindful and Intuitive Eating. We work collaboratively to create attainable and sustainable changes that work for YOU. We take the time to get to know you, to individualize nutrition and movement plans that work for your lifestyle and health needs.
(339) 300-4925 View (339) 300-4925
Photo of Kristine Anne Bahr, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, LDN
Kristine Anne Bahr
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, LDN
Brookline, MA 02445
All sessions are on Zoom,: Kristine Bahr is a clinical nutritionist who specializes in integrative nutritional solutions for her patients. She has an impressive track record for helping people relieve symptoms resulting from chronic digestive disorders as well as Diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, heart disease, issues related to body weight, and more. Her approach is based on utilizing exacting test procedures that focus on an individual's metabolic sensitivities, whether those be to food, hormonal imbalances, or the need to identify genetic predispositions for specific conditions in order to take preventative action.
All sessions are on Zoom,: Kristine Bahr is a clinical nutritionist who specializes in integrative nutritional solutions for her patients. She has an impressive track record for helping people relieve symptoms resulting from chronic digestive disorders as well as Diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, heart disease, issues related to body weight, and more. Her approach is based on utilizing exacting test procedures that focus on an individual's metabolic sensitivities, whether those be to food, hormonal imbalances, or the need to identify genetic predispositions for specific conditions in order to take preventative action.
(617) 546-4065 View (617) 546-4065
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Nutritionists and Dietitians
What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a general term that refers to a collection of symptoms associated with poor gut mobility and function, including abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and diarrhea. IBS is very common, with some estimates suggesting that as many as 10-15% of adults within the United States have IBS. Although the two conditions sound similar and share many symptoms, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, IBS differs from irritable bowel diseases (IBDs), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In contrast to IBS which is caused by issues in the functioning of the colon, IBDs are inflammatory conditions caused by overactive immune cells within the intestine. IBDs are much less common than IBS and typically more medically severe, occasionally requiring intensive medical treatment and/or surgery. IBS, in contrast, can usually be managed effectively with lifestyle changes and less intense medical intervention.

What are the subcategories of IBS?
Medical professionals generally identify four main types of IBS: IBS-C (constipation-predominant subtype), IBS-D (diarrhea-predominant subtype), IBS-M (mixed bowel subtype), and IBS-U (undefined subtype). Identifying the predominant type of IBS an individual has can be important for determining the type of treatment that is best for them, such as the lifestyle and dietary changes that may be most appropriate, as well as any medications that may be necessary. However, individuals may also experience multiple subtypes over time, as well as experience cycles of flare-ups and symptom relief.

What causes IBS?
The causes of IBS are not well understood, but symptoms are generally attributed to issues with gut muscle contraction and changes in the gut microbiome, both of which can lead to the characteristic symptoms of IBS. These issues can be caused by a variety of lifestyle factors, such as diet and stress. While lifestyle modifications may not completely cure IBS symptoms, identifying symptom-triggering foods, consuming a balanced diet, and reducing stress have all been shown to greatly reduce symptoms. IBS can also be caused by bacterial or parasitic infections within the intestine, in which case the syndrome is referred to as "post-infectious IBS." In contrast to non-infectious IBS, post-infectious IBS is less chronic in nature and symptoms will often resolve once the infection has subsided.

What foods should I avoid if I have IBS?
Specific foods that may trigger symptoms of IBS can vary person-to-person. However, common foods that may exacerbate symptoms include high-fat foods (such as fatty meats), wheat, dairy products, highly acidic foods (such as citrus), beans, cabbage, milk, and carbonated drinks. Over time, individuals with IBS are often able to identify which foods cause their symptoms to worsen and learn to avoid such foods to manage their symptoms.