Cholesterol Nutritionists and Dietitians in East Moriches, NY

Photo of Deborah A. Williams, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN
Deborah A. Williams
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN
Online Only
As a Registered Dietitian (RD, CDN), I help clients move beyond diets, confusion, and quick fixes into a sustainable, empowered relationship with food and body. My approach blends evidence-based nutrition with holistic practices rooted in neuroscience, mindset, and embodiment. Together, we uncover patterns that keep you stuck, calm the inner voice of doubt, and build trust in your body’s signals. Clients often arrive frustrated or disconnected; I guide them toward food freedom, body acceptance, and a clear, confident path to lasting wellness.
As a Registered Dietitian (RD, CDN), I help clients move beyond diets, confusion, and quick fixes into a sustainable, empowered relationship with food and body. My approach blends evidence-based nutrition with holistic practices rooted in neuroscience, mindset, and embodiment. Together, we uncover patterns that keep you stuck, calm the inner voice of doubt, and build trust in your body’s signals. Clients often arrive frustrated or disconnected; I guide them toward food freedom, body acceptance, and a clear, confident path to lasting wellness.
(631) 363-4580 View (631) 363-4580
Photo of Barbara Ann Grova, Nutritionist/Dietitian, INHC, AADP
Barbara Ann Grova
Nutritionist/Dietitian, INHC, AADP
Serves Area
I have over 20 years experience in womens hormonal health, weight loss, anxiety and nutrition. I am a 9 year Breast Cancer survivor, treating my stage 2 holistically. I help Survivors recover and prevent reoccurrence. Together we uncover the root cause of your health condition. I will give you a nutrition and lifestyle protocol so your body can heal naturally without medication. I teach you my life’s challenges coping skills. My clients lose an average of 12-15 lbs on my on-line program. I love and support you through every step, holding your hand until you’re ready to flourish on your own! I am very caring, dedicated, compassionate
I have over 20 years experience in womens hormonal health, weight loss, anxiety and nutrition. I am a 9 year Breast Cancer survivor, treating my stage 2 holistically. I help Survivors recover and prevent reoccurrence. Together we uncover the root cause of your health condition. I will give you a nutrition and lifestyle protocol so your body can heal naturally without medication. I teach you my life’s challenges coping skills. My clients lose an average of 12-15 lbs on my on-line program. I love and support you through every step, holding your hand until you’re ready to flourish on your own! I am very caring, dedicated, compassionate
(516) 530-7955 View (516) 530-7955

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Jennifer Clemente, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, CDN, IFMCP
Jennifer Clemente
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, CDN, IFMCP
Online Only
My philosophy centers on one simple, powerful truth: the gut is the foundation of health. You’re not alone if you feel trapped by symptoms yet routine labs were normal. Or you’ve been given medication, acid blockers, antidepressants or vague advice like “try eating better” without anyone asking why you have symptoms in the first place. I’ve been there too and I know a better way. My approach focuses on finding the root cause of your health concerns through deeper testing to answer key questions: What’s driving the inflammation? Is the gut lining compromised? Is the microbiome balanced? Is the body absorbing nutrients properly?
My philosophy centers on one simple, powerful truth: the gut is the foundation of health. You’re not alone if you feel trapped by symptoms yet routine labs were normal. Or you’ve been given medication, acid blockers, antidepressants or vague advice like “try eating better” without anyone asking why you have symptoms in the first place. I’ve been there too and I know a better way. My approach focuses on finding the root cause of your health concerns through deeper testing to answer key questions: What’s driving the inflammation? Is the gut lining compromised? Is the microbiome balanced? Is the body absorbing nutrients properly?
(646) 679-7940 View (646) 679-7940
Photo of Jacqueline Iannone - The Rite Bite Nutrition Counseling, PLLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
The Rite Bite Nutrition Counseling, PLLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Miller Place, NY 11764
Struggling with your health or feeling stuck? Most of our patients pay nothing out of pocket—insurance often covers visits in full with no copay. Maybe you’ve tried countless diets, or maybe your goal isn’t even weight loss—you just want to better manage diabetes, support heart health, ease digestion, or feel more energized. At The Rite Bite Nutrition Counseling, our team of award winning Registered Dietitian Nutritionists takes a different approach. We don’t do fad diets or one-size-fits-all plans. Instead, we offer evidence-based, personalized care that works with your lifestyle and goals.
Struggling with your health or feeling stuck? Most of our patients pay nothing out of pocket—insurance often covers visits in full with no copay. Maybe you’ve tried countless diets, or maybe your goal isn’t even weight loss—you just want to better manage diabetes, support heart health, ease digestion, or feel more energized. At The Rite Bite Nutrition Counseling, our team of award winning Registered Dietitian Nutritionists takes a different approach. We don’t do fad diets or one-size-fits-all plans. Instead, we offer evidence-based, personalized care that works with your lifestyle and goals.
(631) 869-4069 View (631) 869-4069
Photo of Renee M Barbis - R.M.B. Health~Rejuvenating Mind & Body, Nutritionist/Dietitian, CHHC, AADP
R.M.B. Health~Rejuvenating Mind & Body
Nutritionist/Dietitian, CHHC, AADP
East Setauket, NY 11733
I primarily work with women from the ages of 21-45 who are struggling with depression, anxiety, fertility issues, life issues, and unhappiness. While working together we are able to find an individualized plan that will suit your needs. We will use foods, handouts, cooking demonstrations, goals, and other healing techniques to assist you in becoming the person you always dreamed you could be!
I primarily work with women from the ages of 21-45 who are struggling with depression, anxiety, fertility issues, life issues, and unhappiness. While working together we are able to find an individualized plan that will suit your needs. We will use foods, handouts, cooking demonstrations, goals, and other healing techniques to assist you in becoming the person you always dreamed you could be!
(631) 240-0721 View (631) 240-0721
Photo of Shoshana Pritzker - Nutrition by Shoshana, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN, CSSD, CISSN
Nutrition by Shoshana
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN, CSSD, CISSN
Online Only
My ideal client is someone who is ready to take control of their nutrition and lifestyle. A positive attitude and belief in your own abilities to make lasting lifestyle changes is the key to success in any areas of your life, including diet and nutrition. If you're someone who is excited about learning new things, then I'm the right Dietitian for you.
My ideal client is someone who is ready to take control of their nutrition and lifestyle. A positive attitude and belief in your own abilities to make lasting lifestyle changes is the key to success in any areas of your life, including diet and nutrition. If you're someone who is excited about learning new things, then I'm the right Dietitian for you.
(321) 351-3058 View (321) 351-3058
Photo of Cristina Rivera - Nutrition in Motion, P.C., Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CSSD, CDN, CEDS-C
Nutrition in Motion, P.C.
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CSSD, CDN, CEDS-C
Online Only
The Registered Dietitians at Nutrition in Motion, P.C. share a philosophy of using food to fuel, nourish and strengthen one's body. We treat each patient as an individual in order to collaboratively create a plan to reach the individual's goals. We believe in the use of behavior modification in conjunction with nutrition counseling, rather than attempting to follow an unsustainable diet. This helps clients make more attainable and enduring lifestyle changes. All foods can have a place as a part of a healthy lifestyle, and we are here to help you make them fit.
The Registered Dietitians at Nutrition in Motion, P.C. share a philosophy of using food to fuel, nourish and strengthen one's body. We treat each patient as an individual in order to collaboratively create a plan to reach the individual's goals. We believe in the use of behavior modification in conjunction with nutrition counseling, rather than attempting to follow an unsustainable diet. This helps clients make more attainable and enduring lifestyle changes. All foods can have a place as a part of a healthy lifestyle, and we are here to help you make them fit.
(631) 528-2139 View (631) 528-2139
Photo of Heather Angelillo, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN, CDE, CPT
Heather Angelillo
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN, CDE, CPT
Online Only
I help clients with diabetes, prediabetes, weight management, cardiovascular concerns, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and other nutrition-related health goals.
In today’s world of conflicting diet trends, finding reliable, science-backed advice can be tough. As a Registered Dietitian, Certified Nutritionist, and Certified Diabetes Educator, I help you cut through the noise and build a sustainable, healthy lifestyle tailored to YOU. My mission is simple: to help you feel better, live healthier, and achieve your wellness goals with confidence. I provide evidence-based strategies that are practical and easy to incorporate into your daily life, whether managing diabetes, weight, or other health needs.
I help clients with diabetes, prediabetes, weight management, cardiovascular concerns, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and other nutrition-related health goals.
In today’s world of conflicting diet trends, finding reliable, science-backed advice can be tough. As a Registered Dietitian, Certified Nutritionist, and Certified Diabetes Educator, I help you cut through the noise and build a sustainable, healthy lifestyle tailored to YOU. My mission is simple: to help you feel better, live healthier, and achieve your wellness goals with confidence. I provide evidence-based strategies that are practical and easy to incorporate into your daily life, whether managing diabetes, weight, or other health needs.
(631) 734-0268 View (631) 734-0268
Photo of Francesca Alfano, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CDN, CNS, IFNCP
Francesca Alfano
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CDN, CNS, IFNCP
Serves Area
I help women who are struggling to lose weight implement simple, sustainable food and lifestyle habits so they can support a healthy metabolism, balance hormones, increase energy levels, and permanently lose weight without counting calories or following restrictive diets. Unlike traditional diets, I use an individualized functional medicine and culinary nutrition approach to help my clients build lifelong healthy habits so they can confidently nourish their bodies in a delicious and satisfying way.
I help women who are struggling to lose weight implement simple, sustainable food and lifestyle habits so they can support a healthy metabolism, balance hormones, increase energy levels, and permanently lose weight without counting calories or following restrictive diets. Unlike traditional diets, I use an individualized functional medicine and culinary nutrition approach to help my clients build lifelong healthy habits so they can confidently nourish their bodies in a delicious and satisfying way.
(631) 856-2213 View (631) 856-2213
Photo of Shana Maleeff - FoodandFitnessPro, LLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MA, RD, CDN
FoodandFitnessPro, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MA, RD, CDN
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I also have 16+ years of experience working with diabetes, prediabetes, PCOS, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, fitness/sports nutrition, GI disorders, and more.
I use a proven formula in my meal plans and programs that results in weight loss, balancing blood sugars, increasing energy, and sleeping better. My program includes unlimited support and accountability, private online support group, metabolic testing, and body fat testing. These tools help me tailor your program.
I also have 16+ years of experience working with diabetes, prediabetes, PCOS, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, fitness/sports nutrition, GI disorders, and more.
I use a proven formula in my meal plans and programs that results in weight loss, balancing blood sugars, increasing energy, and sleeping better. My program includes unlimited support and accountability, private online support group, metabolic testing, and body fat testing. These tools help me tailor your program.
(516) 441-9013 View (516) 441-9013

Online Dietitians and Nutritionists

Photo of Alex Gavronsky, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN, CNSC
Alex Gavronsky
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN, CNSC
4 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11217
Alex is a board-certified lead dietitian at one of New York's largest hospitals. He started his private practice to improve access to nutritional counseling and build deep, long-term relationships with patients who are managing nutrition-related health conditions. His work focuses on patients with both chronic and acute/severe conditions, ranging from rapid weight change to cancer. Regardless of health reason, Alex strives to always create a kind and caring environment for his patients.
Alex is a board-certified lead dietitian at one of New York's largest hospitals. He started his private practice to improve access to nutritional counseling and build deep, long-term relationships with patients who are managing nutrition-related health conditions. His work focuses on patients with both chronic and acute/severe conditions, ranging from rapid weight change to cancer. Regardless of health reason, Alex strives to always create a kind and caring environment for his patients.
(716) 576-3638 View (716) 576-3638
Photo of Dara Bergen, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RDN, CDE
Dara Bergen
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RDN, CDE
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Nutrition plays a pivotal role in sperm health. As a passionate registered dietitian with over 25 years of experience and with a focus and extensive training in male fertility optimization, I understand the science behind sperm health. I will review your health and lifestyle information and transform that into personalized fertility strategies with achievable goals and lasting results. Let's optimize your sperm parameters for natural conception, assisted reproductive technologies, and sperm for preservation. I would love to support your future family-building options and your fertility journey!
Nutrition plays a pivotal role in sperm health. As a passionate registered dietitian with over 25 years of experience and with a focus and extensive training in male fertility optimization, I understand the science behind sperm health. I will review your health and lifestyle information and transform that into personalized fertility strategies with achievable goals and lasting results. Let's optimize your sperm parameters for natural conception, assisted reproductive technologies, and sperm for preservation. I would love to support your future family-building options and your fertility journey!
(718) 544-0770 View (718) 544-0770
Photo of Vicki Koenig, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
Vicki Koenig
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
New Paltz, NY 12561
Creating Wellness for Individuals and Businesses. As a Masters level Registered Dietitian Nutritionist, I've maintained a private counseling practice and consulting business for over 25 years. Drawing on my comprehensive knowledge of nutrition throughout the life cycle, I have a broad perspective when speaking, counseling, consulting and writing; I truly specialize in Nutrition for Wellness. As a Consulting Nutritionist, I keep up-to-date on all areas of health: from Head Start to Assisted Living with Weight Loss and Wellness in between. I'm now accepting more insurances. Please inquire!
Creating Wellness for Individuals and Businesses. As a Masters level Registered Dietitian Nutritionist, I've maintained a private counseling practice and consulting business for over 25 years. Drawing on my comprehensive knowledge of nutrition throughout the life cycle, I have a broad perspective when speaking, counseling, consulting and writing; I truly specialize in Nutrition for Wellness. As a Consulting Nutritionist, I keep up-to-date on all areas of health: from Head Start to Assisted Living with Weight Loss and Wellness in between. I'm now accepting more insurances. Please inquire!
(845) 202-0972 View (845) 202-0972
Photo of Chloe Ring, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS
Chloe Ring
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Are you struggling with irregular cycles, GI disturbances, weight fluctuations, or conditions like PCOS? Feeling constantly fatigued? You’re not alone. I'm passionate about empowering and educating my clients to support their hormones and overall health. With so much nutrition information available, it's easy to feel lost. That's why my goal is to help you navigate the landscape and create sustainable changes. I offer evidence-based guidance and understand that there's no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to nutrition therapy. I use an integrative approach combining diet and lifestyle to help you tap into your power.
Are you struggling with irregular cycles, GI disturbances, weight fluctuations, or conditions like PCOS? Feeling constantly fatigued? You’re not alone. I'm passionate about empowering and educating my clients to support their hormones and overall health. With so much nutrition information available, it's easy to feel lost. That's why my goal is to help you navigate the landscape and create sustainable changes. I offer evidence-based guidance and understand that there's no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to nutrition therapy. I use an integrative approach combining diet and lifestyle to help you tap into your power.
(929) 470-0680 View (929) 470-0680
Photo of Danielle T Sobieski, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Danielle T Sobieski
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Brooklyn, NY 11238
I work with adults navigating polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), insulin resistance and prediabetes, Type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, hypertension, and weight management including weight cycling
If you’re unsure where to start or want guidance that feels supportive and realistic, I provide evidence-based nutrition therapy grounded in the realities of everyday life. Together, we'll explore flexible habits and strategies that honor your relationship with food, support routines and choices that feel right for you, and address your concerns while considering your mental and emotional well-being. My approach encourages a trusting, relaxed, and sustainable way of eating and nourishing yourself.
I work with adults navigating polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), insulin resistance and prediabetes, Type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol and triglycerides, hypertension, and weight management including weight cycling
If you’re unsure where to start or want guidance that feels supportive and realistic, I provide evidence-based nutrition therapy grounded in the realities of everyday life. Together, we'll explore flexible habits and strategies that honor your relationship with food, support routines and choices that feel right for you, and address your concerns while considering your mental and emotional well-being. My approach encourages a trusting, relaxed, and sustainable way of eating and nourishing yourself.
(347) 455-0380 View (347) 455-0380
Photo of Emily Turitzin, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN, LDN, CNSC
Emily Turitzin
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN, LDN, CNSC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Licensed in: AZ, CA, CO, MA, MI, NY, RI, VA
Licensed in: AZ, CA, CO, MA, MI, NY, RI, VA
(347) 970-2230 View (347) 970-2230
Photo of Abigail Rapaport, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
Abigail Rapaport
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
Online Only
I am a realist and believe your food plan should fit your lifestyle - whether you’re managing an illness like epilepsy, trying to lose weight, lower your cholesterol, or just want feel and look your best.
After obtaining my Masters of Science from New York University I worked as a Senior Dietitian at Mount Sinai Hospital and provided Medical Nutrition Therapy to patients in various departments including neurology, neurosurgery ICU, general medicine & cardiology. I also started to Ketogenic Clinic in the Epilepsy Center.
I am a realist and believe your food plan should fit your lifestyle - whether you’re managing an illness like epilepsy, trying to lose weight, lower your cholesterol, or just want feel and look your best.
After obtaining my Masters of Science from New York University I worked as a Senior Dietitian at Mount Sinai Hospital and provided Medical Nutrition Therapy to patients in various departments including neurology, neurosurgery ICU, general medicine & cardiology. I also started to Ketogenic Clinic in the Epilepsy Center.
(646) 362-3908 View (646) 362-3908
Photo of Nicole Barrato, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD
Nicole Barrato
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD
White Plains, NY 10604
Conditions Treated: Weight Management, Eating Disorders Diabetes, Heart Disease, Hypertension, High Cholesterol Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gastric Bypass Pre/Post Surgery, Food Allergies and Chronic Kidney Disease.
It is our goal to help fine tune your personal nutrition. Whether you want to lose or gain weight, help prevent or treat a disease, tackle a food allergy or just want to learn how to eat healthy, NutriGreene will create an individualized meal plan to help you reach your goals. We now accept a wide variety of insurance plans and have multiple locations across the state of NY and CT.
Conditions Treated: Weight Management, Eating Disorders Diabetes, Heart Disease, Hypertension, High Cholesterol Gastrointestinal Disorders, Gastric Bypass Pre/Post Surgery, Food Allergies and Chronic Kidney Disease.
It is our goal to help fine tune your personal nutrition. Whether you want to lose or gain weight, help prevent or treat a disease, tackle a food allergy or just want to learn how to eat healthy, NutriGreene will create an individualized meal plan to help you reach your goals. We now accept a wide variety of insurance plans and have multiple locations across the state of NY and CT.
(914) 601-1494 View (914) 601-1494
Photo of Ashley Beale, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RDN, CDN
Ashley Beale
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RDN, CDN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Hi! My name is Ashley (she/her) and I am a Registered Dietitian based out of New York City. I am the owner of Ashley Beale Nutrition where I practice through a weight-inclusive, all-foods-fit, and trauma-informed approach. I respect and appreciate body diversity, knowing that no two individual’s needs are alike. I believe in a collaborative relationship with my clients where we work together to find what works best for them. Whether you are working on your recovery from an eating disorder or learning how to navigate food with a chronic illness, there is no “right” way to start this journey.
Hi! My name is Ashley (she/her) and I am a Registered Dietitian based out of New York City. I am the owner of Ashley Beale Nutrition where I practice through a weight-inclusive, all-foods-fit, and trauma-informed approach. I respect and appreciate body diversity, knowing that no two individual’s needs are alike. I believe in a collaborative relationship with my clients where we work together to find what works best for them. Whether you are working on your recovery from an eating disorder or learning how to navigate food with a chronic illness, there is no “right” way to start this journey.
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Photo of Angela Rein, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, LDN, CN-D
Angela Rein
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, LDN, CN-D
Rye Brook, NY 10573
I work with clients to develop customized, sustainable wellness plans that are realistic and easy to follow. In our first session, I take a deep dive into your personal health journey and provide a comprehensive and customized plan that addresses your specific health and lifestyle needs. Follow up sessions help support your goals, provide implemental steps in your journey and help hold you accountable. Clients enjoy knowing that they can email, call or text me anytime between office visits.
I work with clients to develop customized, sustainable wellness plans that are realistic and easy to follow. In our first session, I take a deep dive into your personal health journey and provide a comprehensive and customized plan that addresses your specific health and lifestyle needs. Follow up sessions help support your goals, provide implemental steps in your journey and help hold you accountable. Clients enjoy knowing that they can email, call or text me anytime between office visits.
(914) 246-5732 View (914) 246-5732
Cholesterol Nutritionists and Dietitians
What is cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a fat-like substance found in the blood that is essential for forming healthy cells and ensuring regular body functions. Although cholesterol often has a negative reputation, it plays a crucial role in our health. There are several types of cholesterol, including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The balance between these types is more important than eliminating cholesterol entirely. In general HDL is considered to be the "good" form of cholesterol, while LDL is considered to be the "bad" form associated with conditions such as cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with high levels of LDL cholesterol circulating in their blood are at an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, as a result of plaque build-up on the interior of the body's arteries.

How does diet affect cholesterol?
While many individuals with high cholesterol are prescribed medications to help lower their levels, lifestyle changes—especially dietary modifications—are considered the first line of treatment. Reducing the consumption of foods high in saturated and trans fats, such as fatty meats, cream, butter, and pastries, helps lower cholesterol. Conversely, consuming sufficient fiber, healthy fats (like those found in salmon and nuts), and low-fat proteins can help lower LDL levels and improve cardiovascular health.

What diet is best if you have high cholesterol?
In general, experts recommend a plant-based diet high in fiber, healthy fats, and lean protein as the best nutrition approach to lowering blood cholesterol levels. The "Mediterranean diet," characterized by the consumption of lots of healthy fats, vegetables, beans, and whole grains is one common diet with abundant evidence supporting its efficacy in reducing blood cholesterol levels and preventing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is another common diet shown to reduce cholesterol levels; the DASH diet emphasizes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low fat dairy products with a particular focus on reducing the consumption of saturated fats. Conversely, diets that include the consumption of large amounts of protein and fats—such as the keto diet and atkins diet—are generally not recommended for those with high cholesterol levels due to the high levels of saturated and trans fats that such diets can include.

Why is it useful to see a dietitian if you have high cholesterol?
Dietitians are specifically trained to use diet modifications to manage health, so consulting a dietitian if you have high cholesterol can be greatly beneficial. They can help construct a diet that lowers cholesterol and promotes a healthier lifestyle. Dietitians can assist clients in identifying foods that are low in cholesterol and those that support overall health. They can also help hold clients accountable for their nutrition and provide resources for other lifestyle modifications that support blood cholesterol reduction, such as exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol consumption reduction. Additionally, dietitians can assist in managing other chronic diseases often associated with high cholesterol, such as kidney conditions, diabetes, and heart disease.