Sports Nutrition Nutritionists and Dietitians in Buffalo Grove, IL

Photo of Judy E. Manisco, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Judy E. Manisco
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Buffalo Grove, IL 60089
Awarded BEST Effective Weight Loss and Nutrition Plans in Chicago. A Wholistic, Integrated, Functional Medicine approach, along with over twenty- five years of experience. My unique approach has helped people achieve 125 pound weight loss (single person), reverse diabetes, gain energy, clearer thinking, achieve personal and professional success, Customized Eating Plans for your specific needs and lifestyle along with continuous Nutrition Education. I look forward to sharing my "JEM Bites" with you. Please leave a Voice Message if calling. Feel free to view my website to learn more about me.
Awarded BEST Effective Weight Loss and Nutrition Plans in Chicago. A Wholistic, Integrated, Functional Medicine approach, along with over twenty- five years of experience. My unique approach has helped people achieve 125 pound weight loss (single person), reverse diabetes, gain energy, clearer thinking, achieve personal and professional success, Customized Eating Plans for your specific needs and lifestyle along with continuous Nutrition Education. I look forward to sharing my "JEM Bites" with you. Please leave a Voice Message if calling. Feel free to view my website to learn more about me.
(708) 512-7172 View (708) 512-7172

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Amelia Provost - All Access Dieitians, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
All Access Dieitians
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
Online Only
As a Dietitian Coach with All Access Dietitians, we commit to a 12 session program with all clients. The program is rooted in positive psychology to enable behavior change towards your health and wellness goals, blending the science of nutrition with the art of coaching. If you are someone looking for the accountability and guidance to change your health habits, improve your bloodwork, manage your chronic condition through diet and build your toolbox of resources for sustainable change, this will be a great fit for you.
As a Dietitian Coach with All Access Dietitians, we commit to a 12 session program with all clients. The program is rooted in positive psychology to enable behavior change towards your health and wellness goals, blending the science of nutrition with the art of coaching. If you are someone looking for the accountability and guidance to change your health habits, improve your bloodwork, manage your chronic condition through diet and build your toolbox of resources for sustainable change, this will be a great fit for you.
(872) 244-6171 View (872) 244-6171
Photo of Emma Wood, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Emma Wood
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60608
Emma specializes in working with clients interested in PCOS, Hormonal Imbalances, Pre/Post Natal, Infertility, Bariatric Surgery, Weight Management, Anti-Inflammatory, Thyroid Conditions, and other areas. Emma is passionate about helping others achieve their individual nutrition and health goals. She practices “judgment free” care and understands the numerous barriers to health, while serving as a partner to her patients on their wellness journey. She utilizes evidenced based practices to produce sustainable results and help others create a positive relationship with nutrition
Emma specializes in working with clients interested in PCOS, Hormonal Imbalances, Pre/Post Natal, Infertility, Bariatric Surgery, Weight Management, Anti-Inflammatory, Thyroid Conditions, and other areas. Emma is passionate about helping others achieve their individual nutrition and health goals. She practices “judgment free” care and understands the numerous barriers to health, while serving as a partner to her patients on their wellness journey. She utilizes evidenced based practices to produce sustainable results and help others create a positive relationship with nutrition
(904) 454-8105 View (904) 454-8105
Photo of Laurie Schubert, Nutritionist/Dietitian, PhD, RD, CSSD
Laurie Schubert
Nutritionist/Dietitian, PhD, RD, CSSD
Naperville, IL 60563
Nutrition HeartBeat focuses on athletes and sports nutrition.
I SOLVE ATHLETE PROBLEMS. I work with athletes of every age and ability, helping them improve performance through sport-specific nutrition. Doing an Ironman? Making weight for an MMA fight? Need that DI scholarship? Have cramping issues, GI problems, hate your body, just tore your ACL or are paralyzed by all the conflicting diet ads? Do you run out of energy during workouts? Are you a masters athlete with medical issues and multiple meds? Maybe you're a parent and your kid wants to make the varsity team by using a sketchy supplement. Or you're a coach and just don't know what to say when your athletes get dehydrated. I CAN HELP!
Nutrition HeartBeat focuses on athletes and sports nutrition.
I SOLVE ATHLETE PROBLEMS. I work with athletes of every age and ability, helping them improve performance through sport-specific nutrition. Doing an Ironman? Making weight for an MMA fight? Need that DI scholarship? Have cramping issues, GI problems, hate your body, just tore your ACL or are paralyzed by all the conflicting diet ads? Do you run out of energy during workouts? Are you a masters athlete with medical issues and multiple meds? Maybe you're a parent and your kid wants to make the varsity team by using a sketchy supplement. Or you're a coach and just don't know what to say when your athletes get dehydrated. I CAN HELP!
(331) 215-9718 View (331) 215-9718
Photo of Michael John Partipilo - NutriCARE Coach®, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CHC
NutriCARE Coach®
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN, CHC
Online Only
Embark on a personalized journey to well-being with me. My comprehensive services encompass nutrition counseling, medical nutrition therapy, and personalized fitness assessments/prescriptions. Whether you're striving to achieve weight management goals, improve overall health, or address specific dietary concerns, my clinical expertise and advanced degrees ensure you receive the guidance and support necessary for success.
Embark on a personalized journey to well-being with me. My comprehensive services encompass nutrition counseling, medical nutrition therapy, and personalized fitness assessments/prescriptions. Whether you're striving to achieve weight management goals, improve overall health, or address specific dietary concerns, my clinical expertise and advanced degrees ensure you receive the guidance and support necessary for success.
(629) 263-4520 View (629) 263-4520
Photo of Steve Ziganto, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Steve Ziganto
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Woodridge, IL 60517
At our first session, the average person tells me "I know what I need to do, I just wish I had the willpower to do it." Many rely on sheer willpower to accomplish their goals instead of learning how to make nutrition a simple and enjoyable process. Nutrition is not supposed to be this hard or guilt-inducing. It should primarily mold around your general life and preferences, not the other way around. My main approach to accomplish this is to build a basic understanding on why your old habits do not work, and why these new habits will work.
At our first session, the average person tells me "I know what I need to do, I just wish I had the willpower to do it." Many rely on sheer willpower to accomplish their goals instead of learning how to make nutrition a simple and enjoyable process. Nutrition is not supposed to be this hard or guilt-inducing. It should primarily mold around your general life and preferences, not the other way around. My main approach to accomplish this is to build a basic understanding on why your old habits do not work, and why these new habits will work.
(708) 840-8701 View (708) 840-8701
Photo of Elika Imandel, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CEDS
Elika Imandel
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CEDS
Online Only
Whether you're seeking help for sports nutrition, making healthier lifestyle choices, or need guidance in creating a more positive relationship with food - we can do it together!
Health is not a one size fits all concept. To be healthy doesn't have to mean sacrificing the foods you love. I want to help you find that balance. I don't believe in dieting, and I don't promote the removal of any specific food groups from one's diet. All foods fit in balance and moderation.
Whether you're seeking help for sports nutrition, making healthier lifestyle choices, or need guidance in creating a more positive relationship with food - we can do it together!
Health is not a one size fits all concept. To be healthy doesn't have to mean sacrificing the foods you love. I want to help you find that balance. I don't believe in dieting, and I don't promote the removal of any specific food groups from one's diet. All foods fit in balance and moderation.
(805) 819-2853 View (805) 819-2853
Photo of Sofia Mendes, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Sofia Mendes
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
1 Endorsed
Downers Grove, IL 60515
I also work with women's health concerns such as PCOS and endometriosis and have a strong sports nutrition background.
I am a registered dietitian who is passionate about guiding others toward a healthier, more positive relationship with food and their bodies. I understand that nutrition is not a one-size-fits-all journey, which is why I prioritize a client-centered approach and tailor my care to each individual. In a world overwhelmed by nutrition myths and misinformation, I strive to cut through the noise and make healthy living approachable and clear. I recognize that every person has unique nutritional needs, so I ensure that my guidance reflects that.
I also work with women's health concerns such as PCOS and endometriosis and have a strong sports nutrition background.
I am a registered dietitian who is passionate about guiding others toward a healthier, more positive relationship with food and their bodies. I understand that nutrition is not a one-size-fits-all journey, which is why I prioritize a client-centered approach and tailor my care to each individual. In a world overwhelmed by nutrition myths and misinformation, I strive to cut through the noise and make healthy living approachable and clear. I recognize that every person has unique nutritional needs, so I ensure that my guidance reflects that.
(630) 496-4611 View (630) 496-4611
Photo of Addison Hagge, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LD
Addison Hagge
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LD
2 Endorsed
Serves Area
Addison is a registered dietitian who works to understand your needs by taking a comprehensive and personalized approach to nutrition therapy. She believes in weight-inclusive care, Health at Every Size, and strives to help her clients find balance with nutrition, movement, and their bodies. You can expect Addison to listen to you, support you, and provide you with the tools to find healing and balance. She will work with you to find ways to achieve your goals and understand the challenges you face. She is devoted to providing you with the most effective and up-to-date nutrition care and information possible.
Addison is a registered dietitian who works to understand your needs by taking a comprehensive and personalized approach to nutrition therapy. She believes in weight-inclusive care, Health at Every Size, and strives to help her clients find balance with nutrition, movement, and their bodies. You can expect Addison to listen to you, support you, and provide you with the tools to find healing and balance. She will work with you to find ways to achieve your goals and understand the challenges you face. She is devoted to providing you with the most effective and up-to-date nutrition care and information possible.
(410) 886-7744 View (410) 886-7744
Photo of Juhi Shah, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Juhi Shah
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Chicago, IL 60654
Are you looking for an individualized approach to nutrition? Do you feel stuck in the dieting cycle and not sure where to go next? Do you struggle to incorporate healthy habits during busy weeks with hectic schedules? I am a Registered Dietitian at Fuel U (by SHIFT), a 12-week personalized nutrition coaching program (available both in-person and virtually). Through my connection with SHIFT, a concierge medical practice in River North, I have access to primary care physicians, best-in-class diagnostics (including our dual-compartment DEXA scan), and other clinical resources that aid in coaching our Fuel U clients.
Are you looking for an individualized approach to nutrition? Do you feel stuck in the dieting cycle and not sure where to go next? Do you struggle to incorporate healthy habits during busy weeks with hectic schedules? I am a Registered Dietitian at Fuel U (by SHIFT), a 12-week personalized nutrition coaching program (available both in-person and virtually). Through my connection with SHIFT, a concierge medical practice in River North, I have access to primary care physicians, best-in-class diagnostics (including our dual-compartment DEXA scan), and other clinical resources that aid in coaching our Fuel U clients.
(815) 605-2571 View (815) 605-2571
Photo of Julia Gibson, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Julia Gibson
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60608
Julia is a dedicated Registered Dietitian with a commitment to helping individuals overcome eating disorders and cultivate a healthy relationship with food. Julia strives to bring a compassionate and non-judgmental demeanor to foster a safe space where individuals feel heard and understood, making her a ready and capable resource in the challenging but transformative process of overcoming nutrition challenges. Julia offers a wealth of knowledge that comes from years of working in the inpatient setting.
Julia is a dedicated Registered Dietitian with a commitment to helping individuals overcome eating disorders and cultivate a healthy relationship with food. Julia strives to bring a compassionate and non-judgmental demeanor to foster a safe space where individuals feel heard and understood, making her a ready and capable resource in the challenging but transformative process of overcoming nutrition challenges. Julia offers a wealth of knowledge that comes from years of working in the inpatient setting.
(312) 494-0401 View (312) 494-0401
Photo of Tracy And Amy Trauma Informed Nutrition Therapists, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LD/N
Tracy And Amy Trauma Informed Nutrition Therapists
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LD/N
Serves Area
It is not often we are encouraged to honor our bodies needs. We live in world that teaches us to "watch it" and "have it together", especially around weight and food. Unfortunately, this constant pressure to "be good" can play a role in constant dieting, restricting, binging, purging and an all or nothing attitude around exercise. Fortunately, we can make peace with food and our bodies again. Our approach of trauma informed nutrition counseling and coaching teaches non-diet eating and body wisdom skills to learn to trust and feel safe inside the body and manage chronic issues such as burned and stressed out, PCOS and gut health.
It is not often we are encouraged to honor our bodies needs. We live in world that teaches us to "watch it" and "have it together", especially around weight and food. Unfortunately, this constant pressure to "be good" can play a role in constant dieting, restricting, binging, purging and an all or nothing attitude around exercise. Fortunately, we can make peace with food and our bodies again. Our approach of trauma informed nutrition counseling and coaching teaches non-diet eating and body wisdom skills to learn to trust and feel safe inside the body and manage chronic issues such as burned and stressed out, PCOS and gut health.
(217) 269-0326 View (217) 269-0326
Photo of Lauren Hopkin, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Lauren Hopkin
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Chicago, IL 60654
Are you looking for an individualized approach to nutrition? Do you feel stuck in the dieting cycle and not sure where to go next? Do you struggle to incorporate healthy habits during busy weeks with hectic schedules? I am a Registered Dietitian at Fuel U (by SHIFT), a 12-week personalized nutrition coaching program (available both in-person and virtually). Through my connection with SHIFT, a concierge medical practice, I have access to primary care physicians, best-in-class diagnostics (including our DEXA scan to analyze body composition), and other clinical resources that aid in coaching our Fuel U clients.
Are you looking for an individualized approach to nutrition? Do you feel stuck in the dieting cycle and not sure where to go next? Do you struggle to incorporate healthy habits during busy weeks with hectic schedules? I am a Registered Dietitian at Fuel U (by SHIFT), a 12-week personalized nutrition coaching program (available both in-person and virtually). Through my connection with SHIFT, a concierge medical practice, I have access to primary care physicians, best-in-class diagnostics (including our DEXA scan to analyze body composition), and other clinical resources that aid in coaching our Fuel U clients.
(815) 605-8861 View (815) 605-8861
Photo of Reanna Peterman, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Reanna Peterman
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Online Only
My ideal client feels stuck in diet culture, food guilt, or body shame. You might be struggling with an eating disorder, chronic dieting, or feeling disconnected from your body’s needs. Maybe you're neurodivergent and navigating sensory challenges, or you’ve had frustrating experiences with weight-focused healthcare. You want to heal your relationship with food, break free from shame, and find sustainable nourishment that feels good. You’re looking for a weight-inclusive, intuitive approach that helps you trust yourself again—I’m here to help you do just that.
My ideal client feels stuck in diet culture, food guilt, or body shame. You might be struggling with an eating disorder, chronic dieting, or feeling disconnected from your body’s needs. Maybe you're neurodivergent and navigating sensory challenges, or you’ve had frustrating experiences with weight-focused healthcare. You want to heal your relationship with food, break free from shame, and find sustainable nourishment that feels good. You’re looking for a weight-inclusive, intuitive approach that helps you trust yourself again—I’m here to help you do just that.
(815) 855-2454 View (815) 855-2454
Photo of Jacs Scheinman, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LDN
Jacs Scheinman
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LDN
Online Only
Hi, I’m Jacs Scheinman (he/him)—a registered dietitian and co-founder of Food 4 Thought Nutrition, PLLC. I specialize in compassionate, neurodiversity-affirming support for neurodivergent, queer, and chronically ill individuals—especially those navigating disordered eating, ARFID, or complex medical and digestive conditions. If traditional nutrition advice hasn’t worked for your brain or body, you’re not alone—and you’re not broken.
Hi, I’m Jacs Scheinman (he/him)—a registered dietitian and co-founder of Food 4 Thought Nutrition, PLLC. I specialize in compassionate, neurodiversity-affirming support for neurodivergent, queer, and chronically ill individuals—especially those navigating disordered eating, ARFID, or complex medical and digestive conditions. If traditional nutrition advice hasn’t worked for your brain or body, you’re not alone—and you’re not broken.
(847) 910-3662 View (847) 910-3662
Photo of Katie Whitson, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Katie Whitson
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
Specializes in Disordered Eating and Eating disorders, HAES, Intuitive Eating, Sports Nutrition, General Health/Wellness, Cardiovascular Health, Hormone challenges/imbalances, and Diabetes care.
Katie Whitson is a dedicated HAEs-aligned Registered Dietitian with a deep passion for fostering healthy, sustainable relationships with food and movement. She embraces a non-diet approach, focusing on the connection between nutrition and mental health. Katie employs evidence-based strategies to meet patients where they are in their care, empowering them through active involvement and personalized support. Her mission is to inspire lifelong, transformative changes by blending consistency, structure and creativity in every aspect of her practice.
Specializes in Disordered Eating and Eating disorders, HAES, Intuitive Eating, Sports Nutrition, General Health/Wellness, Cardiovascular Health, Hormone challenges/imbalances, and Diabetes care.
Katie Whitson is a dedicated HAEs-aligned Registered Dietitian with a deep passion for fostering healthy, sustainable relationships with food and movement. She embraces a non-diet approach, focusing on the connection between nutrition and mental health. Katie employs evidence-based strategies to meet patients where they are in their care, empowering them through active involvement and personalized support. Her mission is to inspire lifelong, transformative changes by blending consistency, structure and creativity in every aspect of her practice.
(312) 374-5399 View (312) 374-5399
Photo of Madeleine Boyle, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CSDH, LD, CD
Madeleine Boyle
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CSDH, LD, CD
Online Only
I have prior work experience in inpatient and outpatient eating disorder settings, outpatient hospital gastrointestinal clinic, and a passion for sports nutrition.
I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with special interests in the following areas: 1.) Goal achieving performance nutrition for runners 2.) Eating Disorder Nutrition Therapy for individuals of all sizes 3.) Digestive health and Low FODMAP diets My goal is to help guide your nutrition for any and all of the above concerns.
I have prior work experience in inpatient and outpatient eating disorder settings, outpatient hospital gastrointestinal clinic, and a passion for sports nutrition.
I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with special interests in the following areas: 1.) Goal achieving performance nutrition for runners 2.) Eating Disorder Nutrition Therapy for individuals of all sizes 3.) Digestive health and Low FODMAP diets My goal is to help guide your nutrition for any and all of the above concerns.
(414) 404-5020 View (414) 404-5020
Photo of Anna Petersen, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Anna Petersen
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Online Only
Anna works collaboratively with clients, utilizing a root cause approach, while providing quality care in an accessible manner. She believes that food is not only fuel but a vital component of a person's overall health and happiness. Her approach is characterized by empathy and active listening, allowing her to understand each client’s unique challenges and aspirations. Anna's focus is on functional nutrition, meaning she looks at how food and nutrients affect bodily functions - from energy and digestion to mood and cognitive function.
Anna works collaboratively with clients, utilizing a root cause approach, while providing quality care in an accessible manner. She believes that food is not only fuel but a vital component of a person's overall health and happiness. Her approach is characterized by empathy and active listening, allowing her to understand each client’s unique challenges and aspirations. Anna's focus is on functional nutrition, meaning she looks at how food and nutrients affect bodily functions - from energy and digestion to mood and cognitive function.
(779) 228-3873 View (779) 228-3873
Photo of Alec Moore, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LD
Alec Moore
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LD
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I help adolescents, adults, and families move beyond confusion and finally see progress with their health and nutrition. As owner of Nutrition Collaborative, I specialize in sports performance fueling, weight management, digestive support, and sustainable lifestyle change. As a male Registered Dietitian, I bring a practical, performance-focused perspective that resonates with many clients seeking structured guidance. Clients receive individualized strategy, education, and accountability to build confidence, improve energy, and create lasting results without guesswork or extremes.
I help adolescents, adults, and families move beyond confusion and finally see progress with their health and nutrition. As owner of Nutrition Collaborative, I specialize in sports performance fueling, weight management, digestive support, and sustainable lifestyle change. As a male Registered Dietitian, I bring a practical, performance-focused perspective that resonates with many clients seeking structured guidance. Clients receive individualized strategy, education, and accountability to build confidence, improve energy, and create lasting results without guesswork or extremes.
(469) 809-4761 View (469) 809-4761
Photo of Olivia Marie Napoleon, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN, CDN
Olivia Marie Napoleon
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN, CDN
Online Only
Navigating health and nutrition can feel overwhelming—especially with all the conflicting advice out there. I work with clients recovering from eating disorders, managing disordered eating, or struggling to eat consistently due to ADHD or executive function challenges. My clients want to feel more at ease with food and their bodies, without turning to restrictive diets or shame. Together, we’ll create a supportive, personalized plan to help you feel confident, nourished, and empowered in your daily life.
Navigating health and nutrition can feel overwhelming—especially with all the conflicting advice out there. I work with clients recovering from eating disorders, managing disordered eating, or struggling to eat consistently due to ADHD or executive function challenges. My clients want to feel more at ease with food and their bodies, without turning to restrictive diets or shame. Together, we’ll create a supportive, personalized plan to help you feel confident, nourished, and empowered in your daily life.
(610) 686-9633 View (610) 686-9633
Sports Nutrition Nutritionists and Dietitians
What is sports nutrition?
Sports nutrition refers to the strategic approach athletes use to optimize their dietary intake for performance. While the term often highlights the nutrition consumed immediately before, during, or after an athletic event—such as drinking an electrolyte beverage during a marathon—it also encompasses an athlete's everyday eating habits that support their performance. Sports nutrition also often encompasses an athlete's hydration strategy and/or any dietary supplements they may take on a regular basis.

Does insurance cover sports nutrition sessions?
In general, most insurances will not cover sports nutrition sessions. This is because many insurances require that the client receives a referral from a primary care physician and/or meets specific diagnostic criteria to cover a dietitian session. Since many athletes seeking nutrition counseling are looking to improve performance, as opposed to treating an underlying medical condition, the requirements put forth by insurance companies for coverage are often not met in the case of sports nutrition sessions. That said, some clients may be eligible for insurance coverage if they have a specific medical concern that also impacts their sports nutrition, such as an eating disorder or diabetes.

What happens in a sports nutrition session?
Nutrition professionals specializing in sports nutrition have expertise in the unique dietary requirements of athletes, such as the increased need for carbohydrates to fuel training sessions. They can recommend targeted nutrition strategies to support athletic performance and help develop personalized nutrition plans, whether for specific athletic events or general nutritional needs. They might also suggest specific recipes or meal plans that align with the athlete's dietary requirements. Additionally, dietitians often have athletes maintain a nutrition diary, which they review to ensure the athletes are meeting their caloric and nutritional goals.

Do athletes see dietitians?
While athletes may decide to see a dietitian for a variety of reasons, seeing a dietitian may be particularly helpful for young athletes who are new to navigating performance nutrition, as well as for high-performance or professional athletes who are looking for ways to maximize their performance. Additionally, athletes with specific dietary constraints or those following specific diets, such as veganism, often work with dietitians to ensure they receive all necessary nutrients. Athletes typically seek counseling from dietitians who specialize in sports nutrition, and often those with expertise in their specific sport. This specialization allows the dietitian to tailor dietary recommendations to support the athlete’s specific type of sport, whether it involves endurance, sprinting, or other activities.