Nutritionists and Dietitians in Palm Beach Gardens, FL

Photo of Sandy Livingston, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MEd, RD, LDN
Sandy Livingston
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MEd, RD, LDN
Many people are confused about what they should eat from all the conflicting information in the media. There is no one diet for everyone. Based on each person's health history, I put together an individualized meal plan with the right foods to help them reach their goals.
Many people are confused about what they should eat from all the conflicting information in the media. There is no one diet for everyone. Based on each person's health history, I put together an individualized meal plan with the right foods to help them reach their goals.
(561) 299-3026 View (561) 299-3026
Photo of Kathryn Argento, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN/CDN
Kathryn Argento
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN/CDN
Online Only
Nutrition is personal. There are so many factors that influence why we eat, what we eat, and how those foods make us feel. And it can be overwhelming to determine our own nutritional needs when diet culture constantly throws loud, mixed messages at us. This often leads to a complicated, stressful relationship with food.
Nutrition is personal. There are so many factors that influence why we eat, what we eat, and how those foods make us feel. And it can be overwhelming to determine our own nutritional needs when diet culture constantly throws loud, mixed messages at us. This often leads to a complicated, stressful relationship with food.
(561) 556-4119 View (561) 556-4119
Photo of Jamie Schlifstein, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Jamie Schlifstein
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I specialize in providing current evidence-based nutrition counseling to people with obesity, eating disorders, diabetes and many medical nutrition issues. I complete an assessment of overall health status, social and medical histories, lifestyle, and calculate daily calorie and nutrient requirements. I design individualized programs unique to you based on your health, lifestyle, and preferences.
I specialize in providing current evidence-based nutrition counseling to people with obesity, eating disorders, diabetes and many medical nutrition issues. I complete an assessment of overall health status, social and medical histories, lifestyle, and calculate daily calorie and nutrient requirements. I design individualized programs unique to you based on your health, lifestyle, and preferences.
(561) 257-5584 View (561) 257-5584
Photo of Barbara Smith, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
Barbara Smith
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
Serves Area
Are you tired of feeling fatigued, having digestive issues(such as reflux, diarrhea, bloating, gas), having brain fog, suffering from muscle and joint pain? Do you have a history of Lyme Disease and antibiotic use that can cause "leaky gut" (GI-gastrointestinal tract)? Does your history include chronic health conditions such as IBS, Fibromyalgia, Migraines, Rheumatoid Arthritis or eczema? Through a personalized treatment plan Barbara can help you get to the root cause of your health issues and provide you with the solutions that you need to be able to enjoy life again!
Are you tired of feeling fatigued, having digestive issues(such as reflux, diarrhea, bloating, gas), having brain fog, suffering from muscle and joint pain? Do you have a history of Lyme Disease and antibiotic use that can cause "leaky gut" (GI-gastrointestinal tract)? Does your history include chronic health conditions such as IBS, Fibromyalgia, Migraines, Rheumatoid Arthritis or eczema? Through a personalized treatment plan Barbara can help you get to the root cause of your health issues and provide you with the solutions that you need to be able to enjoy life again!
(908) 988-0438 View (908) 988-0438

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Elaina P Efird - Efird Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CSSD, CEDS-S
Efird Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CSSD, CEDS-S
Online Only
At Efird Nutrition, we are a virtual nutrition practice committed to providing compassionate, evidence-based care to adolescents and adults navigating eating disorders and disordered eating. Our team of registered dietitians is licensed in South Carolina, Vermont, Ohio, Maryland, North Carolina, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, allowing us to support clients across a wide regional footprint through secure, virtual sessions.
At Efird Nutrition, we are a virtual nutrition practice committed to providing compassionate, evidence-based care to adolescents and adults navigating eating disorders and disordered eating. Our team of registered dietitians is licensed in South Carolina, Vermont, Ohio, Maryland, North Carolina, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, allowing us to support clients across a wide regional footprint through secure, virtual sessions.
(864) 952-8803 View (864) 952-8803
Photo of Azi Ahmadi - Azi Ahmadi MS, RDN, CDCES, CDN, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDCES, CDN
Azi Ahmadi MS, RDN, CDCES, CDN
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDCES, CDN
Riviera Beach, FL 33404
I’m Azi Ahmadi, MS, RDN, CDCES, a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with over 25 years of experience in diabetes care, body recomposition, sports nutrition, and longevity-focused metabolic health. I work with active men and women of all ages who want to lose fat, gain or preserve muscle, improve performance, and feel strong and energized as they age—without extreme diets. I often use Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) to help clients see how their body responds to food, exercise, stress, and sleep in real time. You don’t need diabetes to benefit—CGM is a powerful learning and personalization tool.
I’m Azi Ahmadi, MS, RDN, CDCES, a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist with over 25 years of experience in diabetes care, body recomposition, sports nutrition, and longevity-focused metabolic health. I work with active men and women of all ages who want to lose fat, gain or preserve muscle, improve performance, and feel strong and energized as they age—without extreme diets. I often use Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) to help clients see how their body responds to food, exercise, stress, and sleep in real time. You don’t need diabetes to benefit—CGM is a powerful learning and personalization tool.
(917) 809-5351 View (917) 809-5351
Photo of A. Fiorella DiCarlo, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN
A. Fiorella DiCarlo
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDN
Online Only
Registered Dietitian specializing in the treatment of eating disorders, emotional eating and weight management issues. In addition to her Registered Dietitian credential, she also has two post graduate degrees allowing an eating disorder specialization. She uses a non-diet perspective that intends to heal one’s relationship with food.
Registered Dietitian specializing in the treatment of eating disorders, emotional eating and weight management issues. In addition to her Registered Dietitian credential, she also has two post graduate degrees allowing an eating disorder specialization. She uses a non-diet perspective that intends to heal one’s relationship with food.
(332) 278-8283 View (332) 278-8283
Photo of Allison Saka, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LD
Allison Saka
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LD
Boynton Beach, FL 33472
Hi there! My name is Allison Saka and I am a licensed and Registered Dietitian. I have worked with clienteles of all ages with a focus on weight loss, diabetes, prediabetes, and the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Utilizing evidence-based research, I provide tailored one-on-one nutrition therapy and coaching to help clients understand the linkage between optimal intake and overall health and wellbeing in order to reach their wellness goals. My approach focuses on the importance of a balanced diet and emphasizes that there is no such thing as a “bad” food. Food is fuel for the body and all foods fit in moderation!
Hi there! My name is Allison Saka and I am a licensed and Registered Dietitian. I have worked with clienteles of all ages with a focus on weight loss, diabetes, prediabetes, and the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Utilizing evidence-based research, I provide tailored one-on-one nutrition therapy and coaching to help clients understand the linkage between optimal intake and overall health and wellbeing in order to reach their wellness goals. My approach focuses on the importance of a balanced diet and emphasizes that there is no such thing as a “bad” food. Food is fuel for the body and all foods fit in moderation!
(754) 208-1403 View (754) 208-1403
Photo of Maryann Walsh, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MFN, RD, CDE, CMNCS
Maryann Walsh
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MFN, RD, CDE, CMNCS
Online Only
I understand what it's like to juggle the responsibilities of life while also trying to maintain your health. As an RD for nearly 15 years, I have seen trends/fads come and go, and I know what is tried and true, while also staying on top of advancements in research. I specialize in eating disorders, weight management (including GLP-1's), diabetes, chronic fatigue, ADHD, and neurodivergence, and also nutrition for those with mental health or substance abuse disorders. FL patients: I now take Curative Health insurance. RI patients: I now take BCBS of RI
I understand what it's like to juggle the responsibilities of life while also trying to maintain your health. As an RD for nearly 15 years, I have seen trends/fads come and go, and I know what is tried and true, while also staying on top of advancements in research. I specialize in eating disorders, weight management (including GLP-1's), diabetes, chronic fatigue, ADHD, and neurodivergence, and also nutrition for those with mental health or substance abuse disorders. FL patients: I now take Curative Health insurance. RI patients: I now take BCBS of RI
(561) 867-7485 View (561) 867-7485
Photo of Allison Cleveland, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Allison Cleveland
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Online Only
With over 25 years of experience as a Registered Dietitian, I specialize in helping women over 40 navigate the complex changes that come with midlife—particularly those related to metabolism, hormones, and sustainable weight management. My clients are often frustrated by unexpected weight gain, low energy, disrupted sleep, mood fluctuations, and the sense that their bodies are no longer responding to the strategies that once worked. What sets me apart is my compassionate, personalized approach. I understand that women in this life stage are juggling many demands, and they need more than generic advice or restrictive meal plans.
With over 25 years of experience as a Registered Dietitian, I specialize in helping women over 40 navigate the complex changes that come with midlife—particularly those related to metabolism, hormones, and sustainable weight management. My clients are often frustrated by unexpected weight gain, low energy, disrupted sleep, mood fluctuations, and the sense that their bodies are no longer responding to the strategies that once worked. What sets me apart is my compassionate, personalized approach. I understand that women in this life stage are juggling many demands, and they need more than generic advice or restrictive meal plans.
(561) 468-7840 View (561) 468-7840
Photo of Janine Rodrigues, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, LDN, CDN, MLIS
Janine Rodrigues
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, LDN, CDN, MLIS
Online Only
I am a functional nutritionist who educates people on the benefits of eating certain foods. As a nutritionist, my main focus is helping women with thyroid problems and auto-immune conditions. I once desperately needed help and didn't know nutrition would be my last hope. Thyroid problems can drain you. Everything goes wrong when the thyroid is out of sync with the rest of the body. It's not only the hair that falls. It's the energy that leaves the body—the lack of sleep. The body weight either goes up or down. Even the body temperature becomes an issue. Nutritionists are trained to help people find the proper nutrients.
I am a functional nutritionist who educates people on the benefits of eating certain foods. As a nutritionist, my main focus is helping women with thyroid problems and auto-immune conditions. I once desperately needed help and didn't know nutrition would be my last hope. Thyroid problems can drain you. Everything goes wrong when the thyroid is out of sync with the rest of the body. It's not only the hair that falls. It's the energy that leaves the body—the lack of sleep. The body weight either goes up or down. Even the body temperature becomes an issue. Nutritionists are trained to help people find the proper nutrients.
(954) 874-8341 View (954) 874-8341
Photo of Courtney A Minors, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Courtney A Minors
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Online Only
Excessive cravings? Fatigue? Unsure how to manage your new diagnosis? With balanced nutrition and lifestyle changes, you can take charge of your overall health. Instead of eliminating favorite foods, I will show you how to make them work for you instead of against you. Are you looking for support & accountability? Simple recipes? Not sure which supplements are best for you? You are in the right place. I will create a personalized Wellness Plan to help you feel energized & your very best.
Excessive cravings? Fatigue? Unsure how to manage your new diagnosis? With balanced nutrition and lifestyle changes, you can take charge of your overall health. Instead of eliminating favorite foods, I will show you how to make them work for you instead of against you. Are you looking for support & accountability? Simple recipes? Not sure which supplements are best for you? You are in the right place. I will create a personalized Wellness Plan to help you feel energized & your very best.
(561) 513-4398 View (561) 513-4398
Photo of Sarah Mirkin, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CPT, LD
Sarah Mirkin
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CPT, LD
West Palm Beach, FL 33401
Do you struggle with digestive issues like IBS, bloating, or GERD—or feel stuck when it comes to your weight or relationship with food? Even when you think you’re doing everything right, nothing seems to work? You don’t need another diet. You need a clear, personalized approach that actually works for your body and your life. If you're ready to feel better, gain clarity around food, and finally have a plan that works, I’d love to help you get started.
Do you struggle with digestive issues like IBS, bloating, or GERD—or feel stuck when it comes to your weight or relationship with food? Even when you think you’re doing everything right, nothing seems to work? You don’t need another diet. You need a clear, personalized approach that actually works for your body and your life. If you're ready to feel better, gain clarity around food, and finally have a plan that works, I’d love to help you get started.
(310) 987-4570 View (310) 987-4570
Photo of Christi Buck - Faith Rooted Wellness and Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
Faith Rooted Wellness and Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Your symptoms have a root cause, You just haven't been shown it yet. I help those who feel dismissed, exhausted, and “not themselves” uncover the real reasons behind their symptoms. As a Functional Dietitian, I go beyond surface-level care using advanced lab testing, personalized nutrition, and a faith-centered approach to restore the body God designed. If you’ve been told “everything is normal” but you know it’s not—there is a reason. Your symptoms are not random, and your body is not broken.
Your symptoms have a root cause, You just haven't been shown it yet. I help those who feel dismissed, exhausted, and “not themselves” uncover the real reasons behind their symptoms. As a Functional Dietitian, I go beyond surface-level care using advanced lab testing, personalized nutrition, and a faith-centered approach to restore the body God designed. If you’ve been told “everything is normal” but you know it’s not—there is a reason. Your symptoms are not random, and your body is not broken.
(772) 758-5277 View (772) 758-5277
Photo of Chelsea Carr, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Chelsea Carr
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
West Palm Beach, FL 33409
Hello! I am a Florida-based licensed Dietitian-Nutritionist helping people in multiple states make significant changes in their health. I have been in practice for over 10 years with an expertise in helping food lovers with diet related disorders achieve better energy, decrease inflammation, boost gut health, balance hormones, and manage their weight, all without unrealistic, generic, or depriving dieting.
Hello! I am a Florida-based licensed Dietitian-Nutritionist helping people in multiple states make significant changes in their health. I have been in practice for over 10 years with an expertise in helping food lovers with diet related disorders achieve better energy, decrease inflammation, boost gut health, balance hormones, and manage their weight, all without unrealistic, generic, or depriving dieting.
(561) 834-8131 View (561) 834-8131
Photo of Sondra Braude, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Sondra Braude
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Boynton Beach, FL 33473
I strongly believe in building a relationship with clients , and in doing so, gaining insight into each individual's strengths and weaknesses. This also creates a warm, calming environment where he or she can feel comfortable opening up. Having a degree in both Psychology and nutrition enables me to use counseling and behavior modification in conjunction with nutrition therapy. I don't focus on calories or numbers, rather achieving a healthy balanced relationship with food, exercise and their bodies.
I strongly believe in building a relationship with clients , and in doing so, gaining insight into each individual's strengths and weaknesses. This also creates a warm, calming environment where he or she can feel comfortable opening up. Having a degree in both Psychology and nutrition enables me to use counseling and behavior modification in conjunction with nutrition therapy. I don't focus on calories or numbers, rather achieving a healthy balanced relationship with food, exercise and their bodies.
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Photo of Megan Fahey, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, IFNCP
Megan Fahey
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, IFNCP
West Palm Beach, FL 33407
Hello! I’m Megan Fahey, MS, RD, IFNCP, RYT 200 a Registered Dietitian, Functional Medicine Nutritionist and Registered Yoga Teacher. My private practice, located between Palm Beach & NY, was founded to help women heal their relationships with food and free patterns of disordered eating. My nutrition sessions artfully blend eastern and western healing modalities. I believe that every person deserves to transform their relationship with food into the fullest expression of self-care. As a frequent traveler, avid reader, and amateur chef, I have an endless curiosity about the intersection between nature and culture.
Hello! I’m Megan Fahey, MS, RD, IFNCP, RYT 200 a Registered Dietitian, Functional Medicine Nutritionist and Registered Yoga Teacher. My private practice, located between Palm Beach & NY, was founded to help women heal their relationships with food and free patterns of disordered eating. My nutrition sessions artfully blend eastern and western healing modalities. I believe that every person deserves to transform their relationship with food into the fullest expression of self-care. As a frequent traveler, avid reader, and amateur chef, I have an endless curiosity about the intersection between nature and culture.
(561) 349-4674 View (561) 349-4674
Photo of Rachel Guggenheim, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LD
Rachel Guggenheim
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LD
Boca Raton, FL 33487
Hi there! I'm Rachel, and I'm a registered dietitian who is passionate about helping my clients improve their health through a holistic approach to nutrition and wellness. I focus primarily on relationship to food and body with an all-foods-can-fit mindset. I specialize in disordered eating and women's health, and have experience in many other conditions including hormone health, digestive health, diabetes, cholesterol, osteoporosis, autoimmune conditions, and general weight management.
Hi there! I'm Rachel, and I'm a registered dietitian who is passionate about helping my clients improve their health through a holistic approach to nutrition and wellness. I focus primarily on relationship to food and body with an all-foods-can-fit mindset. I specialize in disordered eating and women's health, and have experience in many other conditions including hormone health, digestive health, diabetes, cholesterol, osteoporosis, autoimmune conditions, and general weight management.
(561) 872-3051 View (561) 872-3051
Photo of Hannah Orlosky, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CEDS
Hannah Orlosky
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CEDS
Online Only
Hi, I'm Hannah! I help people make peace with food and reconnect with their bodies in a gentle, sustainable way. My approach is non-diet, weight-inclusive, and trauma-informed, supporting clients across a range of nutrition needs—from eating disorders and disordered eating to general nutrition and wellness guidance.
Hi, I'm Hannah! I help people make peace with food and reconnect with their bodies in a gentle, sustainable way. My approach is non-diet, weight-inclusive, and trauma-informed, supporting clients across a range of nutrition needs—from eating disorders and disordered eating to general nutrition and wellness guidance.
(872) 253-6782 View (872) 253-6782
Photo of Katie Ippolito, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
Katie Ippolito
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN
Serves Area
I'm here to guide you towards feeling your most optimal self, through research-backed nutrition science, mindfulness, and building a sustainable wellness routine, individualized to your specific needs.
I'm here to guide you towards feeling your most optimal self, through research-backed nutrition science, mindfulness, and building a sustainable wellness routine, individualized to your specific needs.
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FAQs - About Nutritionists and Dietitians

How can I find a dietitian or nutritionist in Palm Beach Gardens?

To find dietitians and nutritionists near you, input your city, town, suburb, zip code, or a provider's name in the search bar at the top of the page. From there, you can filter by specialty, treatment technique, and gender to find a dietitian or nutritionist who matches your needs.

When you visit a dietitian or nutritionist's profile, you can get a better idea if they're the right fit for you. Consider things like session cost, accepted insurance plans, and their location or telehealth options. If someone seems like a good match, you can email them or call the number on their profile. When speaking with a professional, pay attention to whether or not you feel comfortable in the conversation and how knowledgeable they are about your specific nutrition concerns. It may also be helpful to ask more about their general approach to nutrition and the training behind their credentials.

What is the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist?

The terms dietitian and nutritionist are often used interchangeably. However, there are actually key credential differences between dietitians and nutritionists that are important to keep in mind when seeking a nutrition professional.

A registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) has earned at least a graduate degree from an accredited program, completed a supervised practice program, passed the Commission on Dietetic Registration exam, and continues their education regularly. The RD and RDN credentials are regulated by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, the largest nutrition-related organization in the country. Only professionals who meet their standards can call themselves an RD or RDN and enjoy privileges like billing insurance. Additionally, RDs and RDNs can get board certifications in specialized areas such as gerontological nutrition (CSG), sports dietetics (CSSD), pediatric nutrition (CSP), renal nutrition (CSR), or oncology nutrition (CSO). They also need state licensure, which usually aligns with national requirements.

In contrast, the title "nutritionist" doesn't require any formal education or credentials; anyone can use the title of nutritionist, including those with very limited or no formal training in nutrition. Although there are certification programs that are marketed toward those interested in nutrition counseling, the rigor and academic requirements for such programs varies greatly. These important differences between dietitians and nutritionists are thus very important to consider when choosing the right nutrition professional for your needs. To be listed in the HealthProfs directory, Nutritionists must have a minimum of a Masters Degree in a relevant field.

When should I see a dietitian or a nutritionist?

Clients seek nutritional support from dietitians and nutritionists for various reasons, ranging from medical conditions to lifestyle concerns like weight loss or dietary requirements; however, it's always important to find a professional who is a good fit for you. Consider factors such as insurance coverage, your specific medical or dietary concerns, and the availability of professionals near you to determine whether a dietitian or nutritionist may be a better fit.

Generally, nutritionists are not covered by insurance, whereas Registered Dietitians (RDs) often are, especially for those with medical conditions. If you have a chronic medical condition like cancer or kidney disease, you might want to seek out an RD with specialized expertise, such as a Board Certified Specialist in Oncology Nutrition (CSO) or a Board Certified Specialist in Renal Nutrition (CSR). These credentials indicate advanced education and a commitment to ongoing learning within a specific area. Additionally, consider the availability of professionals in your area and their openness to telehealth sessions. While the field of dietetics is growing, there may not always be a wide selection of professionals, especially in rural areas. In such cases, focusing on the experience and expertise of the nutrition professional can be more important than their specific credentials.

Do I need a referral to see a dietitian or a nutritionist?

A referral is not required to see a dietitian or nutritionist, and many individuals independently seek nutritional support without prior medical advice. However, for a nutrition service to be covered by insurance, a referral from a primary care physician or another medical professional may be necessary. In such cases, a referral is typically made for those who have been formally diagnosed with a medical condition requiring nutrition counseling, such as diabetes or hypertension. If insurance coverage is critical to a client's ability to see a dietitian, they should contact their insurance provider to determine if a referral is needed for nutritional counseling and to understand any potential co-pays or coverage limits that may apply in their individual circumstance.

How much does it cost to see a dietitian or a nutritionist?

The cost of seeing a dietitian or nutritionist depends on a number of variables, including their location, their specialty, whether they take insurance, and the professional's experience and training. On average, the cost of out-of-pocket sessions with a dietitian or nutritionist within the United States ranges from $50-$150. In some cases, nutrition professionals will require a longer initial evaluation session that will cost more than ongoing follow-up sessions. Dietitians and nutritionists may also offer packages for clients interested in longer-term nutritional support; in such cases, they may charge monthly or other periodic fees for more comprehensive services, such as a combination of nutrition sessions and out-of-session coaching support. If nutrition services are covered by a client's insurance plan and they are eligible for coverage based on any referral requirements, the out-of-pocket cost of seeing a dietitian may be completely covered or significantly reduced.

Are consultations with a dietitian or nutritionist covered by insurance?

If your insurance covers nutrition services, the cost is usually lower than paying out-of-pocket. However, insurance coverage can vary based on factors like your specific plan details, whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network provider, and whether you have a referral for nutrition services based on a medical diagnosis.

Coverage also depends on the type of nutrition service. Typically, insurance plans only cover services provided by a licensed Registered Dietitian (RD) and do not cover those offered by nutritionists or nutrition coaches without the RD credential. If nutrition services are not covered by your insurance, some dietitians and nutritionists may offer sliding scale rates or lower-cost services for clients who cannot afford their full fee. However, these spots are often limited and may not always be available.