Pregnancy Nutritionists and Dietitians in 07869

Photo of Sara Rivera - Whole Nutrition Center, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD
Whole Nutrition Center
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD
Serves Area
Are you tired of feeling like you don’t have enough energy to support your busy life? Do you constantly feel bloated or that your body does not look and feel the way it used to? Are you frustrated and overwhelmed by all the misinformation constantly floating around the Internet about nutrition? Are you sick of fad diets or counting calories? Do you have a chronic illness that’s leaving you confused about the best food to fuel your body with? Are you fed up with putting a bandaid over your issues and you are now ready to get to the root cause?
Are you tired of feeling like you don’t have enough energy to support your busy life? Do you constantly feel bloated or that your body does not look and feel the way it used to? Are you frustrated and overwhelmed by all the misinformation constantly floating around the Internet about nutrition? Are you sick of fad diets or counting calories? Do you have a chronic illness that’s leaving you confused about the best food to fuel your body with? Are you fed up with putting a bandaid over your issues and you are now ready to get to the root cause?
(973) 221-8545 View (973) 221-8545
Photo of Dr. Lori R Lee, Nutritionist/Dietitian, THD, RDN, CLT
Dr. Lori R Lee
Nutritionist/Dietitian, THD, RDN, CLT
Serves Area
DR. LORI R. LEE, RDN, CLT, Founder of The Wellness Center of Northwest Jersey, has provided functional medical nutrition therapy & wellness services utilizing advanced integrative & functional medicine protocols for over 35 years. Her expertise includes treating patients with all health conditions, such as diabetes, cardiac, allergies, autoimmune disorders, cancer, & weight management. As a Certified LEAP Therapist (CLT), Lori specializes in Mediator Release Testing, which measures food & chemical sensitivities using targeted therapy to achieve optimal outcomes with 95% accuracy. Schedule your complimentary introduction call today!
DR. LORI R. LEE, RDN, CLT, Founder of The Wellness Center of Northwest Jersey, has provided functional medical nutrition therapy & wellness services utilizing advanced integrative & functional medicine protocols for over 35 years. Her expertise includes treating patients with all health conditions, such as diabetes, cardiac, allergies, autoimmune disorders, cancer, & weight management. As a Certified LEAP Therapist (CLT), Lori specializes in Mediator Release Testing, which measures food & chemical sensitivities using targeted therapy to achieve optimal outcomes with 95% accuracy. Schedule your complimentary introduction call today!
(973) 671-1202 View (973) 671-1202

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Madeline Kuras, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Madeline Kuras
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
1 Endorsed
Jersey City, NJ 07305
Madeline is a registered dietitian who is passionate about empowering individuals to achieve their personal goals and feel in control of their own nutrition journey. She has experience in all levels of eating disorder treatment across all age groups. Madeline has a background in athletics and utilizes this to foster resilience and strength in her clients. She approaches each session with curiosity and drive to understand her clients struggles. She provides a safe space for all individuals to create and define their own definition of health and sustainable change.
Madeline is a registered dietitian who is passionate about empowering individuals to achieve their personal goals and feel in control of their own nutrition journey. She has experience in all levels of eating disorder treatment across all age groups. Madeline has a background in athletics and utilizes this to foster resilience and strength in her clients. She approaches each session with curiosity and drive to understand her clients struggles. She provides a safe space for all individuals to create and define their own definition of health and sustainable change.
(651) 412-7437 View (651) 412-7437
Photo of Maggie Milone - Turn Leaf Wellness, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RD, CDN
Turn Leaf Wellness
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MPH, RD, CDN
Springfield, NJ 07081
Maggie Milone, MPH, RD, CDN, is a dedicated Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) who believes in the transformative power of food. With a compassionate approach, Maggie guides clients towards realistic and sustainable lifestyle changes, fostering a harmonious relationship with food, body, and mind. Embracing the principles of “food as medicine” and a “non-diet” philosophy, she empowers individuals to take small, meaningful steps towards improved health and well-being.
Maggie Milone, MPH, RD, CDN, is a dedicated Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) who believes in the transformative power of food. With a compassionate approach, Maggie guides clients towards realistic and sustainable lifestyle changes, fostering a harmonious relationship with food, body, and mind. Embracing the principles of “food as medicine” and a “non-diet” philosophy, she empowers individuals to take small, meaningful steps towards improved health and well-being.
(908) 650-8761 View (908) 650-8761
Photo of Bess Berger - Nutrition by Bess, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CDN, CLT
Nutrition by Bess
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CDN, CLT
Teaneck, NJ 07666
How will I live with PCOS the rest of my LIFE? Will I always be controlled by PCOS? Will it always feel like one step forward, two steps back? How do I make living with PCOS livable? Bess Berger is a Registered Dietitian and dedicated nutrition expert specializing in PCOS management.
How will I live with PCOS the rest of my LIFE? Will I always be controlled by PCOS? Will it always feel like one step forward, two steps back? How do I make living with PCOS livable? Bess Berger is a Registered Dietitian and dedicated nutrition expert specializing in PCOS management.
(855) 951-5445 View (855) 951-5445
Photo of Amanda Ghighi, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Amanda Ghighi
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
5 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07104
Amanda is an RD specializing in general health and wellness, eating disorders and disordered eating. She is dedicated to helping individuals heal their relationship with food and their bodies. Amanda believes in creating a compassionate and supportive environment, incorporating evidence-based nutrition practices to guide clients toward sustainable changes. She strives to empower her clients to break free from diet culture and develop a nourishing and balanced approach to eating. Amanda offers compassionate, patient-centered nutrition care, focusing on non-diet, weight-inclusive principles.
Amanda is an RD specializing in general health and wellness, eating disorders and disordered eating. She is dedicated to helping individuals heal their relationship with food and their bodies. Amanda believes in creating a compassionate and supportive environment, incorporating evidence-based nutrition practices to guide clients toward sustainable changes. She strives to empower her clients to break free from diet culture and develop a nourishing and balanced approach to eating. Amanda offers compassionate, patient-centered nutrition care, focusing on non-diet, weight-inclusive principles.
(862) 225-6191 View (862) 225-6191
Photo of Alexandra Paetow, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD
Alexandra Paetow
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD
Maplewood, NJ 07040
Ready to finally experience food freedom and improve your fertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and parenthood?
As a specialist in fertility, prenatal, postpartum, and parenthood nutrition, I help women get the nourishment they need to thrive. I use intuitive eating principles with a special focus on working to break free of chronic dieting and disordered eating, heal body image struggles, and finally learn how to eat for their bodies without obsessing about food.
Ready to finally experience food freedom and improve your fertility, pregnancy, postpartum, and parenthood?
As a specialist in fertility, prenatal, postpartum, and parenthood nutrition, I help women get the nourishment they need to thrive. I use intuitive eating principles with a special focus on working to break free of chronic dieting and disordered eating, heal body image struggles, and finally learn how to eat for their bodies without obsessing about food.
(908) 336-9736 View (908) 336-9736
Photo of Dr. Kate Brock, Nutritionist/Dietitian, DCN, CNS, LDN
Dr. Kate Brock
Nutritionist/Dietitian, DCN, CNS, LDN
1 Endorsed
Online Only
At Plenish Nutrition, we specialize in functional nutrition and intuitive eating through a compassionate, sustainable approach to care. Our team supports clients with concerns including digestive issues, hormone imbalances, PCOS, eating disorders, binge eating, emotional eating, blood sugar concerns, chronic dieting, and overall wellness support. We help clients better understand their bodies while improving symptoms in a way that feels realistic and supportive rather than rigid or fear-based. Our approach blends evidence-based functional nutrition with a strong focus on protecting and improving relationship with food.
At Plenish Nutrition, we specialize in functional nutrition and intuitive eating through a compassionate, sustainable approach to care. Our team supports clients with concerns including digestive issues, hormone imbalances, PCOS, eating disorders, binge eating, emotional eating, blood sugar concerns, chronic dieting, and overall wellness support. We help clients better understand their bodies while improving symptoms in a way that feels realistic and supportive rather than rigid or fear-based. Our approach blends evidence-based functional nutrition with a strong focus on protecting and improving relationship with food.
(475) 256-5213 View (475) 256-5213
Photo of Elena Ostrovsky, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Elena Ostrovsky
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Bridgewater, NJ 08807
Elena is a Registered Diettian / Nutritionist with extensive experience of over 15 years. She holds a Master’s degree in Clinical Nutrition and Food Science from Hunter College & City University and completed a dietetic internship program at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York. She is an accredited member of the American Nutrition Academy and completed her Certificate of Training in Weight Management. My areas of expertise are: Weight management - Eating disorders - Stress management - Hormonal imbalances - Diabetes - Hypertension - Cardiovascular disease - Thyroid issues - Skin concerns - Fitnesses and Wellness.
Elena is a Registered Diettian / Nutritionist with extensive experience of over 15 years. She holds a Master’s degree in Clinical Nutrition and Food Science from Hunter College & City University and completed a dietetic internship program at Beth Israel Medical Center in New York. She is an accredited member of the American Nutrition Academy and completed her Certificate of Training in Weight Management. My areas of expertise are: Weight management - Eating disorders - Stress management - Hormonal imbalances - Diabetes - Hypertension - Cardiovascular disease - Thyroid issues - Skin concerns - Fitnesses and Wellness.
(908) 356-4934 View (908) 356-4934
Photo of Lynette M Hem-Lee, Nutritionist/Dietitian, BSc, RDN
Lynette M Hem-Lee
Nutritionist/Dietitian, BSc, RDN
Serves Area
You have tried every diet, and you are not eating because of your chronic disease; you have to avoid certain foods; you are scared!! You want to take control of your health and manage your chronic health issues; you want to keep your blood sugar in the target range to prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes or manage your current diagnosis. No matter what you eat, you are bloated and gassy with digestive discomfort. If that sounds like you, then I am here to help. I am a compassionate dietitian that will work with you to alleviate those fears through virtual or in-person nutrition coaching and counselling.
You have tried every diet, and you are not eating because of your chronic disease; you have to avoid certain foods; you are scared!! You want to take control of your health and manage your chronic health issues; you want to keep your blood sugar in the target range to prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes or manage your current diagnosis. No matter what you eat, you are bloated and gassy with digestive discomfort. If that sounds like you, then I am here to help. I am a compassionate dietitian that will work with you to alleviate those fears through virtual or in-person nutrition coaching and counselling.
(551) 308-0964 View (551) 308-0964
Photo of Haleigh Mann, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Haleigh Mann
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
3 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07105
Haleigh is a registered dietitian who is passionate about helping her clients discover their love for food and their bodies. Haleigh provides evidence-based nutrition education and works to empower clients to make realistic changes that work with their unique lifestyles and preferences. Haleigh approaches each client personally and individually. She has an anti-diet, all-foods-fit, trauma-informed approach to care. She enjoys the challenge of working closely with each client to meet their goals and live their best life while building a healthier relationship with food and their body.
Haleigh is a registered dietitian who is passionate about helping her clients discover their love for food and their bodies. Haleigh provides evidence-based nutrition education and works to empower clients to make realistic changes that work with their unique lifestyles and preferences. Haleigh approaches each client personally and individually. She has an anti-diet, all-foods-fit, trauma-informed approach to care. She enjoys the challenge of working closely with each client to meet their goals and live their best life while building a healthier relationship with food and their body.
(640) 209-4955 View (640) 209-4955
Photo of Robert Galarowicz - Robert Galarowicz Clinical & Holistic Nutritionist, Nutritionist/Dietitian, ND, CHN
Robert Galarowicz Clinical & Holistic Nutritionist
Nutritionist/Dietitian, ND, CHN
Wood Ridge, NJ 07075
Discover How Clinical Nutrition Can Help You... If You Just Want To Lost A Few Pounds Or Improve A Chronic Health Condition, I Have The Most Complete Therapeutic Nutrition Service FOR YOU! I ENJOY to help people like you to use diet, nutrition and proper nutritional supplements to improve their health. Discover how I can help you ... lose weight, lower cholesterol, reverse diabetes and have more energy. Improve your digestion, eliminate menopause symptoms, depression, anxiety and decrease inflammation. Manage arthritis pain, autoimmune disease, High Blood Pressure and MORE ...Visit my website for $187 of FREE Goodies! Plus a no-charge
Discover How Clinical Nutrition Can Help You... If You Just Want To Lost A Few Pounds Or Improve A Chronic Health Condition, I Have The Most Complete Therapeutic Nutrition Service FOR YOU! I ENJOY to help people like you to use diet, nutrition and proper nutritional supplements to improve their health. Discover how I can help you ... lose weight, lower cholesterol, reverse diabetes and have more energy. Improve your digestion, eliminate menopause symptoms, depression, anxiety and decrease inflammation. Manage arthritis pain, autoimmune disease, High Blood Pressure and MORE ...Visit my website for $187 of FREE Goodies! Plus a no-charge
(201) 345-7495 View (201) 345-7495
Photo of Kimberly Mania, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
Kimberly Mania
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN
Hillsborough, NJ 08844
Kim Mania is a Registered Dietitian who specializes in pediatric and family nutrition, weight management, diabetes education, cardiovascular, maternal and prenatal, and neurodiversity/autism-related nutrition.
Her passion for working in nutrition began years ago as a cheerleading coach, where she discovered how confidence, encouragement, and healthy routines can positively shape well-being. That early experience continues to influence her practice today - empowering individuals to make meaningful changes that last.
Kim Mania is a Registered Dietitian who specializes in pediatric and family nutrition, weight management, diabetes education, cardiovascular, maternal and prenatal, and neurodiversity/autism-related nutrition.
Her passion for working in nutrition began years ago as a cheerleading coach, where she discovered how confidence, encouragement, and healthy routines can positively shape well-being. That early experience continues to influence her practice today - empowering individuals to make meaningful changes that last.
(908) 650-8546 View (908) 650-8546
Photo of Elise Chassen Sopov, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN, CLT
Elise Chassen Sopov
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDN, CLT
Cedar Grove, NJ 07009
I create individualized, realistic, and sustainable diet and exercise plans to reach your health and fitness goals. Along the way, I will support you in a way to make you feel empowered to make the changes needed, and help you develop the behavior modification techniques to overcome your personal barriers.
I create individualized, realistic, and sustainable diet and exercise plans to reach your health and fitness goals. Along the way, I will support you in a way to make you feel empowered to make the changes needed, and help you develop the behavior modification techniques to overcome your personal barriers.
(201) 632-5916 View (201) 632-5916
Photo of Girija Ayyala - Eat Well Live Well, LLC, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
Eat Well Live Well, LLC
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CDN
1 Endorsed
Somerset, NJ 08873
I am passionate and committed to improving health and wellness through Integrative and Functional Nutrition principles and guidelines, which include in-depth nutrition history, assessment and providing personalized nutrition care plans that include- appropriate diet/meal plan, supplement recommendations, and life style modifications,etc. In the past 25 years I have helped many patients with Diabetes, Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, Weight management & Bariatric nutrition, Gastrointestinal disorders ,Food sensitivities, Chronic fatigue syndrome, etc . I am a believer of the Ayurvedic saying: "When the Diet is Wrong, Medicine is of No Use. When the Diet is Right, Medicine is of No Need."
I am passionate and committed to improving health and wellness through Integrative and Functional Nutrition principles and guidelines, which include in-depth nutrition history, assessment and providing personalized nutrition care plans that include- appropriate diet/meal plan, supplement recommendations, and life style modifications,etc. In the past 25 years I have helped many patients with Diabetes, Cardio Metabolic Syndrome, Weight management & Bariatric nutrition, Gastrointestinal disorders ,Food sensitivities, Chronic fatigue syndrome, etc . I am a believer of the Ayurvedic saying: "When the Diet is Wrong, Medicine is of No Use. When the Diet is Right, Medicine is of No Need."
(732) 709-1662 View (732) 709-1662
Photo of Julia Jaskiewicz, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDE
Julia Jaskiewicz
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, CDE
Montclair, NJ 07043
My name is Julie Jaskiewicz and I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist and a Diabetes Educator. I have worked in a diabetes center for over 25 years and have also maintained a private practice at Montclair Health Associates for almost as long. I enjoy working with people to help them attain their goals whether that is to improve their health by lowering the blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol levels or to lose weight. Many people know some of the basics of healthy eating but do not know how to put it all together to make sense. Let me assist!
My name is Julie Jaskiewicz and I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist and a Diabetes Educator. I have worked in a diabetes center for over 25 years and have also maintained a private practice at Montclair Health Associates for almost as long. I enjoy working with people to help them attain their goals whether that is to improve their health by lowering the blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol levels or to lose weight. Many people know some of the basics of healthy eating but do not know how to put it all together to make sense. Let me assist!
(973) 309-7559 View (973) 309-7559
Photo of Elizabeth Rothschild, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Elizabeth Rothschild
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LDN
Serves Area
Accepting clients in New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Missouri. I have an office option in Missouri. I specializing in diabetes management, blood sugar stability, and weight concerns. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by blood sugar spikes, food rules, or inconsistent results — you’re not alone. I specialize in helping adults with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and weight-related health issues gain confidence in their eating habits, lower their A1C, and feel better after meals — no strict diets required. My approach is realistic, flexible, and rooted in evidence.
Accepting clients in New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Missouri. I have an office option in Missouri. I specializing in diabetes management, blood sugar stability, and weight concerns. If you’re feeling overwhelmed by blood sugar spikes, food rules, or inconsistent results — you’re not alone. I specialize in helping adults with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and weight-related health issues gain confidence in their eating habits, lower their A1C, and feel better after meals — no strict diets required. My approach is realistic, flexible, and rooted in evidence.
(573) 828-2177 View (573) 828-2177
Photo of Allison Hoybach, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Allison Hoybach
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
3 Endorsed
Newark, NJ 07102
Allison is a registered dietitian who loves people and is passionate about helping individuals achieve their personal health and nutrition goals. Her primary focus has been bariatric support, diabetes, IBS, and plant based nutrition, but her background also includes kidney disease, heart health, gut issues and malnutrition. She strives to empower individuals to make positive and sustainable lifestyle changes. Allison takes time to listen to your nutritional concerns and understand your overall goals. She uses a patient-centered, evidenced-based approach to help you create lasting lifestyle changes.
Allison is a registered dietitian who loves people and is passionate about helping individuals achieve their personal health and nutrition goals. Her primary focus has been bariatric support, diabetes, IBS, and plant based nutrition, but her background also includes kidney disease, heart health, gut issues and malnutrition. She strives to empower individuals to make positive and sustainable lifestyle changes. Allison takes time to listen to your nutritional concerns and understand your overall goals. She uses a patient-centered, evidenced-based approach to help you create lasting lifestyle changes.
(352) 309-0794 View (352) 309-0794
Photo of Diane Ramos, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDCES
Diane Ramos
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDCES
2 Endorsed
Metuchen, NJ 08840
Making a change that actually sticks can be daunting. Getting healthy can be hard especially when there is so much information out there that is contradicting. My role always begins with being a strong support for anyone taking on the challenge of improving their eating habits, no matter how big or small. We are all human at the end of the day! I combine evidence based nutrition with behavior change strategies to help my clients achieve their goals one step at a time.
Making a change that actually sticks can be daunting. Getting healthy can be hard especially when there is so much information out there that is contradicting. My role always begins with being a strong support for anyone taking on the challenge of improving their eating habits, no matter how big or small. We are all human at the end of the day! I combine evidence based nutrition with behavior change strategies to help my clients achieve their goals one step at a time.
(732) 639-5486 View (732) 639-5486
Photo of Lynn Cicero, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Lynn Cicero
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Morristown, NJ 07960
My counseling is one on one and is tailored to the clients lifestyle and needs. While always encouraging healthy eating and physical activity, I am very practical in my approach to helping clients integrate these behaviors with today's hectic lifestyles. Because of the increasing diagnosis of Celiac Disease, I have begun to concentrate on that condition as well as all types of gluten sensitivity. In order to help clients during COVID19 I am offering telemedicine. Please inquire for details.
My counseling is one on one and is tailored to the clients lifestyle and needs. While always encouraging healthy eating and physical activity, I am very practical in my approach to helping clients integrate these behaviors with today's hectic lifestyles. Because of the increasing diagnosis of Celiac Disease, I have begun to concentrate on that condition as well as all types of gluten sensitivity. In order to help clients during COVID19 I am offering telemedicine. Please inquire for details.
(862) 260-8858 View (862) 260-8858
Pregnancy Nutritionists and Dietitians
What should I eat during pregnancy?
A healthy and balanced diet during pregnancy is crucial for both maternal and child health, and it supports recovery and breastfeeding in the postpartum period. It is important to consume a variety of nutrient-rich foods, including whole grains, lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. These foods provide essential nutrients needed for a healthy pregnancy, such as folic acid found in beans, eggs, and spinach, which supports the development of the baby's brain and spinal cord. Additionally, breastfeeding women typically burn an extra 300 calories per day on average, so it is important to ensure an adequate calorie intake to meet this increased demand.

What foods should I avoid during pregnancy?
Nutrition experts generally advise women to avoid alcohol, caffeine, and high-sugar foods during pregnancy. It is also recommended that postpartum mothers avoid foods that contain high levels of harmful chemicals, which may negatively impact a newborn's development if passed on to them; specifically, the FDA thus recommends that women limit consumption of high-mercury fish, such as tuna, mackerel, swordfish, and shark. In addition, pregnant women should not consume raw or potentially undercooked meats and seafood, which may contain bacteria that can harm the fetus and put the mother at greater risk of developing a foodborne illness.

Can nutrition help with pregnancy symptoms?
Nutrition plays a key role in pregnancy, and can significantly impact common symptoms of pregnancy—such as nausea, vomiting, and appetite changes. Experts usually recommend that women focus on consuming a balanced diet as much as possible when pregnant. However, some women with extreme morning sickness or similar symptoms may need to focus on consuming more bland foods, such as plain toast, applesauce, rice, or oatmeal, in order to manage symptoms. In addition, eating small but frequent meals can help reduce symptoms for many women, as can drinking an adequate amount of water. In some cases, if women are unable to meet their nutrient needs, such as their folic acid intake, through their diet due to pregnancy symptoms, they may choose to take supplements to ensure that they are still meeting their nutrient needs.

Should pregnant mothers see a dietitian?
Many pregnant women may find it beneficial to consult with a dietitian. While OB/GYNs can address general dietary questions during pregnancy, dietitians specializing in pregnancy nutrition can offer valuable support for those with specific nutrition-related concerns. OB/GYNs often maintain lists of recommended dietitians who specialize in pregnancy, providing a useful resource for pregnant women if needed. Dietitians can be particularly helpful for women experiencing issues like severe food intolerances or nausea. They can assess whether these symptoms are within normal ranges or require further medical attention. Additionally, dietitians can help pregnant women identify foods that alleviate pregnancy-related symptoms such as nausea, and ensure they consume a diverse range of foods to maintain a balanced diet throughout pregnancy.