Acupuncturists in 91324

Photo of Lucy M Cooper, Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD, DAOM, MS
Lucy M Cooper
Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD, DAOM, MS
Northridge, CA 91324
Dr. Lucy Cooper, LAc, OMD, DAOM,MS is a Diplomate in Anti aging Medicine in Northridge California. She is focused mainly on helping the middle aged population to restore youthful biological age through detoxification, nutrition and life style changes. She helps restore energy, reduce stress and increase well being. Dr. Cooper uses multiple ways of testing the human body: via a computer bio screen; urine biological terrain test; (in her office) and also functional blood tests (via lab). She applies higher standard wellness perimeters on lab reports.
Dr. Lucy Cooper, LAc, OMD, DAOM,MS is a Diplomate in Anti aging Medicine in Northridge California. She is focused mainly on helping the middle aged population to restore youthful biological age through detoxification, nutrition and life style changes. She helps restore energy, reduce stress and increase well being. Dr. Cooper uses multiple ways of testing the human body: via a computer bio screen; urine biological terrain test; (in her office) and also functional blood tests (via lab). She applies higher standard wellness perimeters on lab reports.
(818) 583-6015 View (818) 583-6015
Photo of Dr. Hongyan Li, Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD, MD(CN)
Dr. Hongyan Li
Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD, MD(CN)
Serves Area
With 29 years of clinical & hospital practice in medicine and acupuncture, Dr. Li is an expert in acupuncture pain control. (Convenient Text at 818-736-7365). She earned MD from China and received extensive medical acupuncture training. She had delivered high-quality care to a vast number of patients in both China and US. She had Successfully treated thousands of patients for - Pain Management: Headache, neck, back, and knee pain, sciatica, and arthritis. - Internal & Mental Health: Digestive problems, insomnia, anxiety, and depression. -Specialized Care: Infertility, a variety of women's health issues, facial and eye care.
With 29 years of clinical & hospital practice in medicine and acupuncture, Dr. Li is an expert in acupuncture pain control. (Convenient Text at 818-736-7365). She earned MD from China and received extensive medical acupuncture training. She had delivered high-quality care to a vast number of patients in both China and US. She had Successfully treated thousands of patients for - Pain Management: Headache, neck, back, and knee pain, sciatica, and arthritis. - Internal & Mental Health: Digestive problems, insomnia, anxiety, and depression. -Specialized Care: Infertility, a variety of women's health issues, facial and eye care.
(818) 538-2237 View (818) 538-2237
Photo of Kap Kevin Kim - New Hope Acupuncture, Acupuncturist, LAc
New Hope Acupuncture
Acupuncturist, LAc
Serves Area
Many people desire to live a healthier lifestyle by eating right and exercising. Although most people know which foods are healthy and which foods are unhealthy, there are certain types of food that affect different people in different ways. Everyone has a different body type, so some foods will benefit you more than others. For example, everyone knows that brown rice is a healthy food staple; but depending on your body type, brown rice might not be the healthiest option for you. Through my 8-body acupuncture, I will find out what your body type is.
Many people desire to live a healthier lifestyle by eating right and exercising. Although most people know which foods are healthy and which foods are unhealthy, there are certain types of food that affect different people in different ways. Everyone has a different body type, so some foods will benefit you more than others. For example, everyone knows that brown rice is a healthy food staple; but depending on your body type, brown rice might not be the healthiest option for you. Through my 8-body acupuncture, I will find out what your body type is.
(818) 616-6413 View (818) 616-6413

More Acupuncturists Nearby

Photo of Dr. Yifan Feng, Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD
Dr. Yifan Feng
Acupuncturist, LAc, OMD
Santa Clarita, CA 91355
Dr. Yifan Feng is a top-notched California Board Certified Acupuncturist with extensive academic and clinical experiences. Dr. Yifan Feng did his undergraduate study at UCLA, prior to pursuing studying medicine at Touro University. Intrigued by the opportunity of Oriental Medicine and Eastern Medicine, he pursued studying Oriental Medicine at Dongguk University of Los Angeles. He graduated at top 1% of his class with Summa Cum Laude Honor. He helped more than thousands of patients at UCLA Ronald Reagan Hospital, UCLA Santa Monica Hospital, and Beijing Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital.
Dr. Yifan Feng is a top-notched California Board Certified Acupuncturist with extensive academic and clinical experiences. Dr. Yifan Feng did his undergraduate study at UCLA, prior to pursuing studying medicine at Touro University. Intrigued by the opportunity of Oriental Medicine and Eastern Medicine, he pursued studying Oriental Medicine at Dongguk University of Los Angeles. He graduated at top 1% of his class with Summa Cum Laude Honor. He helped more than thousands of patients at UCLA Ronald Reagan Hospital, UCLA Santa Monica Hospital, and Beijing Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital.
(661) 732-2514 View (661) 732-2514
Photo of Atsuki Maeda, Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, Dipl OM
Atsuki Maeda
Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, Dipl OM
1 Endorsed
Santa Monica, CA 90405
I have over 39 years of practical experience and specializes in gentle and painless Japanese Acupuncture for all conditions, gender and age. Have you ever felt your symptoms come from somewhere else than physical and rather more psycho-emotional? Our emotions effect our physical condition greatly and vise versa. My approach is to see a person as a whole integration of mind-spirit-body. In Vedic medicine, it says “The primordial cause of disease (dis-ease) is forgetting that you are a spirit.” Celestial Acupuncture is for those who are striving on your spiritual path but little bit struggling with manifesting a true desire.
I have over 39 years of practical experience and specializes in gentle and painless Japanese Acupuncture for all conditions, gender and age. Have you ever felt your symptoms come from somewhere else than physical and rather more psycho-emotional? Our emotions effect our physical condition greatly and vise versa. My approach is to see a person as a whole integration of mind-spirit-body. In Vedic medicine, it says “The primordial cause of disease (dis-ease) is forgetting that you are a spirit.” Celestial Acupuncture is for those who are striving on your spiritual path but little bit struggling with manifesting a true desire.
(424) 317-9278 View (424) 317-9278
Photo of Min Hee Lee, Acupuncturist, PhD, OMDr, LAc
Min Hee Lee
Acupuncturist, PhD, OMDr, LAc
Serves Area
The main objectives of acupuncture treatment are relieving pain and other symptoms, strengthening the immune system, and balancing, harmonizing and integrating the functions of the internal organs with each other, making for a unified, healthy person, rather than a collection of fragmented, disharmonious parts. Oriental Medicine addresses and seeks to find the root or the cause of the problem rather than just merely treating the manifestations of various symptoms. Acupuncture increases the blood circulation to the area where the fine tiny needles are inserted. With increased circulation of blood the muscles relax, and they become tightened.
The main objectives of acupuncture treatment are relieving pain and other symptoms, strengthening the immune system, and balancing, harmonizing and integrating the functions of the internal organs with each other, making for a unified, healthy person, rather than a collection of fragmented, disharmonious parts. Oriental Medicine addresses and seeks to find the root or the cause of the problem rather than just merely treating the manifestations of various symptoms. Acupuncture increases the blood circulation to the area where the fine tiny needles are inserted. With increased circulation of blood the muscles relax, and they become tightened.
(213) 674-4152 View (213) 674-4152
Photo of Changqing Joseph Yang, Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
Changqing Joseph Yang
Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Dr. Yang is a very experienced doctor in Traditional Chinese medicine and a neuropsychiatry Ph.D. He is dealing with all difficult clinical conditions. His Motto is Passionate and Professional.
Dr. Yang is a very experienced doctor in Traditional Chinese medicine and a neuropsychiatry Ph.D. He is dealing with all difficult clinical conditions. His Motto is Passionate and Professional.
(310) 956-1516 View (310) 956-1516
Photo of Lauren S Civello, Acupuncturist, MSTCM, LAc
Lauren S Civello
Acupuncturist, MSTCM, LAc
Encino, CA 91316
We are fertility specialists. We treat all aspects of women's health as well. For any stage of the life cycle from menarche to well past menopause, Golden Valley Acupuncture Center is here for you.
We are fertility specialists. We treat all aspects of women's health as well. For any stage of the life cycle from menarche to well past menopause, Golden Valley Acupuncture Center is here for you.
(818) 570-8468 View (818) 570-8468
Photo of Melanie Laura Kaplan - Melanie Kaplan LAc, Acupuncturist, LAc, MT
Melanie Kaplan LAc
Acupuncturist, LAc, MT
Los Angeles, CA 90049
Acupuncture + Oriental Medicine is a time-tested path that helps in rebuilding and maintaining your health. Acupuncture is able to treat a vast number of ailments by utilizing highly individualized treatment plans. Through the use of thin needles, moxibustion, massage, nutritional + herbal counseling, aromatherapy + meditation, Melanie is able to bring your body into balance and create a reservoir of strength + energy to help maintain your health. Strong in the belief that optimal health is achieved when we integrate all parts of our being, physical, emotional + spiritual, Melanie believes that by educating + empowering her patients they can find their path to wellness.
Acupuncture + Oriental Medicine is a time-tested path that helps in rebuilding and maintaining your health. Acupuncture is able to treat a vast number of ailments by utilizing highly individualized treatment plans. Through the use of thin needles, moxibustion, massage, nutritional + herbal counseling, aromatherapy + meditation, Melanie is able to bring your body into balance and create a reservoir of strength + energy to help maintain your health. Strong in the belief that optimal health is achieved when we integrate all parts of our being, physical, emotional + spiritual, Melanie believes that by educating + empowering her patients they can find their path to wellness.
(310) 340-2845 View (310) 340-2845
Photo of Dr. Chianni Lin - Center for Acupuncture & Anti-Aging Medicine, Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, Dipl OM
Center for Acupuncture & Anti-Aging Medicine
Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, Dipl OM
Santa Monica, CA 90404
My goal is to help you achieve your health goals and improve your overall quality of life. As a Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine, I integrate acupuncture, herbal medicine, nutrition and movement (yoga, qigong) to improve your health in a sustainable way. At the Center for Acupuncture & Integrative Medicine, we use this integrated approach in a beautiful, serene setting to address a range of health issues: Women's Health, Anti-aging, Facial Rejuvenation, and Cosmetic Acupuncture, Chronic Back, Neck and Joint Pain, Stress and Anxiety, Digestive Health and Skin Disorders. Thank you! Dr. Chianni Lin
My goal is to help you achieve your health goals and improve your overall quality of life. As a Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine, I integrate acupuncture, herbal medicine, nutrition and movement (yoga, qigong) to improve your health in a sustainable way. At the Center for Acupuncture & Integrative Medicine, we use this integrated approach in a beautiful, serene setting to address a range of health issues: Women's Health, Anti-aging, Facial Rejuvenation, and Cosmetic Acupuncture, Chronic Back, Neck and Joint Pain, Stress and Anxiety, Digestive Health and Skin Disorders. Thank you! Dr. Chianni Lin
(310) 340-1774 View (310) 340-1774
Photo of Henry Jun Wah Lee, Acupuncturist, LAc, MS
Henry Jun Wah Lee
Acupuncturist, LAc, MS
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Conveniently located in West LA, I am a Physician of Chinese Medicine with more than twenty years of experience in the holistic medicine field. I practice Acupuncture as well as Chinese Herbal Therapy, Medical Qigong and Eastern Nutrition. In addition to treatments, I provide healing tools so you can be empowered in your own healing process. Tools include simple, yet powerful medical Qigong exercises, nutritional recommendations, and lifestyle guidance.
Conveniently located in West LA, I am a Physician of Chinese Medicine with more than twenty years of experience in the holistic medicine field. I practice Acupuncture as well as Chinese Herbal Therapy, Medical Qigong and Eastern Nutrition. In addition to treatments, I provide healing tools so you can be empowered in your own healing process. Tools include simple, yet powerful medical Qigong exercises, nutritional recommendations, and lifestyle guidance.
(323) 284-5449 View (323) 284-5449
Photo of Jueuy Hong - Holistic Healing Hands, Inc, Acupuncturist, LAc, DAOM
Holistic Healing Hands, Inc
Acupuncturist, LAc, DAOM
Los Angeles, CA 90039
As the 5th generation acupuncturist, Grace, LAc. treats patients with warm heart and extensive knowlege passed down from generation to generation. We provides special integrated health care based on each patient's physical constitution using his/her time, date, month and year of birth. Also she has a broad knowlede on alternative healing method such as yoga, exercise, diet program and so on."
As the 5th generation acupuncturist, Grace, LAc. treats patients with warm heart and extensive knowlege passed down from generation to generation. We provides special integrated health care based on each patient's physical constitution using his/her time, date, month and year of birth. Also she has a broad knowlede on alternative healing method such as yoga, exercise, diet program and so on."
(323) 906-7868 View (323) 906-7868
Photo of Wei-chen Chen - PV Acupuncture & Healing Center, Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
PV Acupuncture & Healing Center
Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
Serves Area
Wei-Chen obtained his Master degree in Oriental Medicine from Samra University in Los Angeles; he also holds a PhD in Traditional Chinese Medicine and is a licensed acupuncturist. Together with Huang, Wei-Chen co-founded the PV Acupuncture Clinic. His specializes in Pain Management, Sports Injuries and the management of fatigue with traditional Chinese medicine. Wei-Chen is also actively involved in promoting traditional Chinese Medicine in the community and has taken part in several health fairs events.
Wei-Chen obtained his Master degree in Oriental Medicine from Samra University in Los Angeles; he also holds a PhD in Traditional Chinese Medicine and is a licensed acupuncturist. Together with Huang, Wei-Chen co-founded the PV Acupuncture Clinic. His specializes in Pain Management, Sports Injuries and the management of fatigue with traditional Chinese medicine. Wei-Chen is also actively involved in promoting traditional Chinese Medicine in the community and has taken part in several health fairs events.
(310) 912-3460 View (310) 912-3460
Photo of Neil R Gumenick, Acupuncturist, MAc(UK), LAc, DiplAc
Neil R Gumenick
Acupuncturist, MAc(UK), LAc, DiplAc
Santa Monica, CA 90401
I have practiced and taught Classical Five-Element Acupuncture exclusively for 42 years. I focus on the unique individual patient before me, not labeled diseases or symptoms, which are only the expression of a deeper imbalance. My aim is to identify and resolve the core imbalance, whether it be at the physical, emotional, mental, spiritual, or all of the above. In this way, symptoms resolve naturally and effortlessly.
I have practiced and taught Classical Five-Element Acupuncture exclusively for 42 years. I focus on the unique individual patient before me, not labeled diseases or symptoms, which are only the expression of a deeper imbalance. My aim is to identify and resolve the core imbalance, whether it be at the physical, emotional, mental, spiritual, or all of the above. In this way, symptoms resolve naturally and effortlessly.
(310) 453-2235 View (310) 453-2235
Gael Parks
Acupuncturist, DTCM, LAc, NCCAOM
Studio City, CA 91602
I enjoy working with patients who are committed to taking their next step on their healing journey. My ideal patient has this commitment. I am ready to offer my complete support to my patients.
I enjoy working with patients who are committed to taking their next step on their healing journey. My ideal patient has this commitment. I am ready to offer my complete support to my patients.
(747) 966-4039 View (747) 966-4039
Photo of Kuang-Chen Yang, Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc, DilpAc
Kuang-Chen Yang
Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc, DilpAc
Glendale, CA 91205
Dr. Kuang Yang has extensive training in internal medicine, specializing in infertility and IVF /IUI treatments,Hormone balance, PMS,PCOS, weight loss,IBS,allergy,stress,skin disease,Face lift, and pain management especially in acute and chronic musculoskeletal dysfunctions and neurological disorders such as vertigo,Headache,Migraine,Arthritis, stroke,numbness,Bell's palsy,Multiple Sclerosis,Shoulder pain,back pain,knee pain,Sciatica pain, Fibromyalgia, ED.
Dr. Kuang Yang has extensive training in internal medicine, specializing in infertility and IVF /IUI treatments,Hormone balance, PMS,PCOS, weight loss,IBS,allergy,stress,skin disease,Face lift, and pain management especially in acute and chronic musculoskeletal dysfunctions and neurological disorders such as vertigo,Headache,Migraine,Arthritis, stroke,numbness,Bell's palsy,Multiple Sclerosis,Shoulder pain,back pain,knee pain,Sciatica pain, Fibromyalgia, ED.
(818) 396-8485 View (818) 396-8485
Photo of Doann Tsuneo Kaneko, Acupuncturist, PhD
Doann Tsuneo Kaneko
Acupuncturist, PhD
1 Endorsed
Many of my patients have sports injuries, occupational conditions, auto related injuries, stress related disorders, mental and emotional issues and psychosomatic conditions. Their symptoms are acute inflammation, chronic pain and flare-ups of both. I treat carefully after referring specialists for acute severe cases. Then one of my goals is to get results as soon as possible and as much as possible. All of us expect faster and certain recovery with less treatment. If I'm not treating pain, my patients enjoy oriental medicine for the transformation of the body, mind and spirit, including karmic issues.
Many of my patients have sports injuries, occupational conditions, auto related injuries, stress related disorders, mental and emotional issues and psychosomatic conditions. Their symptoms are acute inflammation, chronic pain and flare-ups of both. I treat carefully after referring specialists for acute severe cases. Then one of my goals is to get results as soon as possible and as much as possible. All of us expect faster and certain recovery with less treatment. If I'm not treating pain, my patients enjoy oriental medicine for the transformation of the body, mind and spirit, including karmic issues.
(310) 692-9608 View (310) 692-9608
Photo of Sharon Xiuxia LI, Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
Sharon Xiuxia LI
Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc
Los Angeles, CA 90025
Dr. Sharon Li has the PhD. in Neurosciences/physiology. She knows the western and Eastern medicines well and has the experiences in the both fields. She is a expert in neurological disorders includes pain, Parkinson's disease, stroke and Dementia. Now she offers her knowledge and skills to her patients with the natural healing. Email to: app@acumother.com, call or text to: (310) 699 - 1028
Dr. Sharon Li has the PhD. in Neurosciences/physiology. She knows the western and Eastern medicines well and has the experiences in the both fields. She is a expert in neurological disorders includes pain, Parkinson's disease, stroke and Dementia. Now she offers her knowledge and skills to her patients with the natural healing. Email to: app@acumother.com, call or text to: (310) 699 - 1028
(310) 928-9263 View (310) 928-9263
Photo of Dr. Parastoo Taghinia, Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, MSOM, BSc
Dr. Parastoo Taghinia
Acupuncturist, DAOM, LAc, MSOM, BSc
1 Endorsed
Sherman Oaks, CA 91403
As the owner of Elixir Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine Center, I have two specializations as a Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine: Healthy Aging and Women's Health & Fertility. I manage a patient's health care by diagnosing and treating various pain disorders from simple to complex and providing appropriate acupuncture therapies to help alleviate pain and symptoms. In addition, I treat a variety of issues related to women’s health, such as PMS, Irregular or painful periods, Endometriosis, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Menopause, and Fertility, both naturally and through in vitro fertilization and pregnancy support.
As the owner of Elixir Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine Center, I have two specializations as a Doctor of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine: Healthy Aging and Women's Health & Fertility. I manage a patient's health care by diagnosing and treating various pain disorders from simple to complex and providing appropriate acupuncture therapies to help alleviate pain and symptoms. In addition, I treat a variety of issues related to women’s health, such as PMS, Irregular or painful periods, Endometriosis, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), Menopause, and Fertility, both naturally and through in vitro fertilization and pregnancy support.
(626) 720-2026 View (626) 720-2026
Photo of Sung Cho, Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc, DiplAc
Sung Cho
Acupuncturist, PhD, LAc, DiplAc
Serves Area
I believe that we have the greatest doctor in ourselves. It is a great gift from God but we forget it. Every kinds of medicine including acupuncture are just a helper to assist the inner doctor. I think that I am responsible for awakening the inner doctor using the oriental medicine to maximize the improvement. For the result, I would like not only to give patients treatment but also to take a load off their mind as a lifetime companion. I like to helping people and making the world a better place.
I believe that we have the greatest doctor in ourselves. It is a great gift from God but we forget it. Every kinds of medicine including acupuncture are just a helper to assist the inner doctor. I think that I am responsible for awakening the inner doctor using the oriental medicine to maximize the improvement. For the result, I would like not only to give patients treatment but also to take a load off their mind as a lifetime companion. I like to helping people and making the world a better place.
(424) 327-9082 View (424) 327-9082
FAQs - About Acupuncture

How can I find an acupuncturist in 91324?

To find an acupuncturist near you, enter your city, town, suburb, ZIP code, or the provider's name into the search bar at the top of the page. You can then filter results by provider specialty, treatment technique or style, and even gender to find an acupuncturist who best matches your needs.

When viewing an acupuncturist’s profile, take note of key details such as session costs, their area of specialty, treatment techniques, and location to determine if they’re a good fit. If a provider seems promising, you can reach out via email or phone using the contact information on their profile. During the conversation, assess your comfort level and their expertise in addressing your specific concerns. It’s also a good opportunity to ask about their overall approach to care and confirm any relevant acupuncture credentials they hold.

What can acupuncture help with?

Acupuncture is most commonly used to treat chronic pain, including pain caused by physical injuries, arthritis, or migraines. It may also help with autoimmune conditions, nausea, digestive issues, and behavioral health concerns such as anxiety, depression, or insomnia. Rooted in ancient Chinese tradition, acupuncture is based on the belief that illness results from an imbalance in the body’s energy, or “Qi.” Practitioners aim to restore the balance and flow of Qi by stimulating specific acupuncture points throughout the body, which is thought to alleviate pain and other symptoms associated with these conditions.

Acupuncture is typically used alongside medical treatment rather than as a replacement. It is important to note that acupuncture practitioners are not trained to diagnose or medically manage conditions, so it should not substitute regular care from a licensed medical provider.

Is a licensed acupuncturist a doctor?

No, acupuncturists are not medical doctors. To practice acupuncture, there is typically less training needed than that required for medical doctors. Acupuncture practitioners typically need to complete a master’s-level training program and meet a minimum requirement for clinical exposure before obtaining a license. However, licensing requirements vary by state. While most states have established minimum standards, some, such as Alabama, Oklahoma, and South Dakota, do not offer licensure for acupuncturists. In these states, there are no formal education or training requirements to practice acupuncture. The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) oversees acupuncture training and certification. This organization administers the national certification exam, which is required in many states to obtain a state-issued acupuncture license.

How many acupuncture sessions are generally needed?

Acupuncture is typically a time-limited treatment lasting 3 to 6 weeks, with sessions occurring 1 to 2 times per week. However, the duration and frequency of treatment may vary depending on the severity of symptoms and the nature of the condition or injury being treated. Acupuncturists should regularly assess their clients' progress, monitoring changes in symptoms and adjusting the treatment plan as necessary. After completing the initial course of treatment, some practitioners may recommend periodic "tune-up" sessions to help maintain symptom relief and longer-term well-being.

How much does it cost to see an acupuncturist?

The cost of acupuncture sessions typically ranges from $75 to $150 per session, depending on factors such as location, the provider’s experience, and the type of service offered. Some insurance plans may cover a portion of these costs, so it’s worth checking your specific coverage details. Additionally, some acupuncturists offer session packages or discounts for clients who commit to multiple sessions upfront, providing a more cost-effective option for those seeking ongoing treatment.

Is acupuncture covered by insurance?

Insurance coverage for acupuncture varies depending on the client’s insurance provider and specific plan. In many cases, insurance will cover a limited number of acupuncture sessions if the client has a referral from a medical doctor. The growing focus on non-opioid treatments for chronic pain has increased interest in acupuncture and led to improved insurance coverage in some plans. However, coverage often comes with conditions, such as copayments, limits on the number of sessions, or restrictions on the types of conditions eligible for treatment. For example, Medicare Part B generally covers acupuncture only for chronic low back pain. Clients should review their insurance policy to understand the extent and specifics of their plan's coverage of acupuncture treatments.