Gastrointestinal (GI) Nutritionists and Dietitians in 73301

Photo of Jodee Morgan, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CCC, SLP, FNTP
Jodee Morgan
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CCC, SLP, FNTP
Serves Area
I take a bioindividual, root cause approach to functional nutrition with a focus on healing from a variety of chronic conditions through targeted nutrition and supplementation. I am passionate about helping people deeply heal to return to their best quality of life.
I take a bioindividual, root cause approach to functional nutrition with a focus on healing from a variety of chronic conditions through targeted nutrition and supplementation. I am passionate about helping people deeply heal to return to their best quality of life.
(469) 306-1356 View (469) 306-1356
Photo of Kyrstin Brianna Draney, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
Kyrstin Brianna Draney
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RD, LDN
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Imagine living a life where you're able to conquer your health and wellness goals while eating the meals you love. Whether you're simply trying to learn more about how to optimize your intake or wish to prevent or reverse a chronic illness or autoimmune disease - my style is to assure you eat, live, and flourish optimally. I have helped countless individuals who suffer from Hashimoto's, IBS, and autoimmune disease feel better. Let's dive into this journey together - in a way that feels comfy to you, in order to set you on the path to long-lasting success!
Imagine living a life where you're able to conquer your health and wellness goals while eating the meals you love. Whether you're simply trying to learn more about how to optimize your intake or wish to prevent or reverse a chronic illness or autoimmune disease - my style is to assure you eat, live, and flourish optimally. I have helped countless individuals who suffer from Hashimoto's, IBS, and autoimmune disease feel better. Let's dive into this journey together - in a way that feels comfy to you, in order to set you on the path to long-lasting success!
(919) 648-0682 View (919) 648-0682
Photo of Hannah Byrne, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Hannah Byrne
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Serves Area
ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. My name is Hannah Byrne, MS, RDN, LDN and I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist . I completed my Bachelor of Science in Dietetics with a specialization in Health Promotion at Michigan State University and my Master of Science in Dietetics from D'Youville College. My goal is to help my clients achieve their health and wellness goals while also helping them realize that eating healthy is not only optimal for living their best life, but also can be really simple and fun.
ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS. My name is Hannah Byrne, MS, RDN, LDN and I am a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist . I completed my Bachelor of Science in Dietetics with a specialization in Health Promotion at Michigan State University and my Master of Science in Dietetics from D'Youville College. My goal is to help my clients achieve their health and wellness goals while also helping them realize that eating healthy is not only optimal for living their best life, but also can be really simple and fun.
(848) 220-1823 View (848) 220-1823
Photo of Alexandra (Alex) Leibold, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
Alexandra (Alex) Leibold
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, LDN
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
When was the last time food was FUN for you? If it’s been a while, I’d love to help you explore how food can be more than just necessary nourishment. Eating disorders take the social, cultural, and, frankly, the joy out of eating. My goal is to guide each client on their journey, teaching clients how to nourish themselves physically, mentally, and emotionally.
When was the last time food was FUN for you? If it’s been a while, I’d love to help you explore how food can be more than just necessary nourishment. Eating disorders take the social, cultural, and, frankly, the joy out of eating. My goal is to guide each client on their journey, teaching clients how to nourish themselves physically, mentally, and emotionally.
(646) 640-0390 View (646) 640-0390
Photo of Sophia Deahl, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, IFMCP
Sophia Deahl
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, IFMCP
Serves Area
Are you struggling with chronic symptoms such as low energy, brain fog, hormone imbalances, inflammation, or bloating? Do you have a history of dieting and a challenging relationship with food? Imagine a life where you can break free from these symptoms and dieting once and for all, while becoming the most vibrant version of yourself. I'm Sophia, a registered dietitian with a functional medicine certification. I help my clients reclaim their health and improve their relationship with food through a root-cause approach, coaching, and plan built for their body and goals. My motto is Eat Well. Find Balance. Live Fully.
Are you struggling with chronic symptoms such as low energy, brain fog, hormone imbalances, inflammation, or bloating? Do you have a history of dieting and a challenging relationship with food? Imagine a life where you can break free from these symptoms and dieting once and for all, while becoming the most vibrant version of yourself. I'm Sophia, a registered dietitian with a functional medicine certification. I help my clients reclaim their health and improve their relationship with food through a root-cause approach, coaching, and plan built for their body and goals. My motto is Eat Well. Find Balance. Live Fully.
(615) 488-3767 View (615) 488-3767
Photo of Callie Rodriguez (Graff), Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CD
Callie Rodriguez (Graff)
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CD
Online Only
I am a Registered Dietitian specializing in sports nutrition, health and longevity, and sustainable body composition change. I also have experience in eating disorder treatment, women’s health and pregnancy, endocrinology, bariatrics, and supporting weight loss, including GLP-1–related care. My approach is highly individualized, rooted in each person’s unique needs and goals. Having seen firsthand the transformative power of nutrition, I’m passionate about helping others build healthier, fuller lives. I would love to work with you to create a healthier, happier you!
I am a Registered Dietitian specializing in sports nutrition, health and longevity, and sustainable body composition change. I also have experience in eating disorder treatment, women’s health and pregnancy, endocrinology, bariatrics, and supporting weight loss, including GLP-1–related care. My approach is highly individualized, rooted in each person’s unique needs and goals. Having seen firsthand the transformative power of nutrition, I’m passionate about helping others build healthier, fuller lives. I would love to work with you to create a healthier, happier you!
(503) 597-8429 View (503) 597-8429
Photo of Madeleine Hutchison, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD
Madeleine Hutchison
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD
11 Endorsed
Online Only
Taking the first step to heal your relationship with food and body can feel overwhelming! My goal is to ensure that you don’t have to walk that path alone. I am a dietitian with experience working with eating disorders, disordered eating, and body image concerns. I believe the right path forward looks different for each person. Therefore, I take a trauma-informed and patient-centered approach. This is achieved through modeling genuine curiosity and empathy. Together, we will identify strategies that help you reclaim your health while maintaining a healthy relationship with food.
Taking the first step to heal your relationship with food and body can feel overwhelming! My goal is to ensure that you don’t have to walk that path alone. I am a dietitian with experience working with eating disorders, disordered eating, and body image concerns. I believe the right path forward looks different for each person. Therefore, I take a trauma-informed and patient-centered approach. This is achieved through modeling genuine curiosity and empathy. Together, we will identify strategies that help you reclaim your health while maintaining a healthy relationship with food.
(206) 693-4243 View (206) 693-4243
Photo of Megan Charles, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD, LD
Megan Charles
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD, LD
10 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you struggle with chronic dieting, issues with food and body image, or wanting a more peaceful relationship with food? Have you spent a lot of time feeling confused, discouraged, or told what to do instead of supported? You may be interested in plant-based, vegetarian, or vegan eating and want guidance that feels collaborative, realistic, and empowering. You’re looking for education, accountability, and support so you can make informed health choices and feel more at ease in your body.
Do you struggle with chronic dieting, issues with food and body image, or wanting a more peaceful relationship with food? Have you spent a lot of time feeling confused, discouraged, or told what to do instead of supported? You may be interested in plant-based, vegetarian, or vegan eating and want guidance that feels collaborative, realistic, and empowering. You’re looking for education, accountability, and support so you can make informed health choices and feel more at ease in your body.
(206) 278-3495 View (206) 278-3495
Photo of Leah Dambacher, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CD
Leah Dambacher
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, CD
10 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you struggle with rigid food rules, chronic dieting, or constantly thinking about food? Have you spent a lot of time trying to balance performance goals, recovery, and everyday life without burning out? I help you with navigating disordered eating or eating disorder recovery, athletic performance at any level, and achieving a calmer, more intuitive relationship with food while supporting energy, performance, and overall well-being.
Do you struggle with rigid food rules, chronic dieting, or constantly thinking about food? Have you spent a lot of time trying to balance performance goals, recovery, and everyday life without burning out? I help you with navigating disordered eating or eating disorder recovery, athletic performance at any level, and achieving a calmer, more intuitive relationship with food while supporting energy, performance, and overall well-being.
(206) 672-8944 View (206) 672-8944
Photo of Isabella Gallardo, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Isabella Gallardo
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Online Only
I work with clients managing diabetes or prediabetes, ADHD, weight loss, and women’s health conditions, including PCOS and fertility challenges. I take an integrative approach to nutrition and wellness, creating personalized plans tailored to each individual’s needs and lifestyle. My goal is to help clients improve their energy, health, and overall well-being through compassionate, evidence-based strategies. Together, we’ll work toward lasting, meaningful change and a thriving, healthier life.
I work with clients managing diabetes or prediabetes, ADHD, weight loss, and women’s health conditions, including PCOS and fertility challenges. I take an integrative approach to nutrition and wellness, creating personalized plans tailored to each individual’s needs and lifestyle. My goal is to help clients improve their energy, health, and overall well-being through compassionate, evidence-based strategies. Together, we’ll work toward lasting, meaningful change and a thriving, healthier life.
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Photo of Lois C Duke, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDCES, CDN
Lois C Duke
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RD, CDCES, CDN
Online Only
With over 20 years as a registered dietitian, I have gained experience in diverse settings treating a range of conditions such as heart health, sports nutrition, diabetes, women's health, weight loss and management, PCOS, healthy aging, and general wellness. Additionally, I am a certified diabetes care and education specialist with a solid background in diabetes and endocrinology. My extensive experience in corporate wellness has allowed me to optimize nutrition and lifestyle for improved health. Having attended culinary school, I enjoy integrating "nutrition into the kitchen".
With over 20 years as a registered dietitian, I have gained experience in diverse settings treating a range of conditions such as heart health, sports nutrition, diabetes, women's health, weight loss and management, PCOS, healthy aging, and general wellness. Additionally, I am a certified diabetes care and education specialist with a solid background in diabetes and endocrinology. My extensive experience in corporate wellness has allowed me to optimize nutrition and lifestyle for improved health. Having attended culinary school, I enjoy integrating "nutrition into the kitchen".
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Photo of Jacklyn Jensen, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD
Jacklyn Jensen
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, CD
10 Endorsed
Online Only
While my journey in dietetics began with a focus on eating disorders, it has naturally grown to include gastrointestinal concerns like constipation, diarrhea, and IBS.
Whether you've been caught in the endless scroll of "eat this, not that" articles or constantly feel like you're falling short with your eating habits, my job is to help you cut through the noise and break things down into manageable, realistic steps. Together, we will work toward a way of eating that truly supports you without sacrificing your relationships, hobbies, or overall joy in life. My approach to nutrition counseling is rooted in curiosity and compassion. Your habits around food are unique to your experiences and upbringing. The healing goes far beyond just counting calories and hitting goal weights.
While my journey in dietetics began with a focus on eating disorders, it has naturally grown to include gastrointestinal concerns like constipation, diarrhea, and IBS.
Whether you've been caught in the endless scroll of "eat this, not that" articles or constantly feel like you're falling short with your eating habits, my job is to help you cut through the noise and break things down into manageable, realistic steps. Together, we will work toward a way of eating that truly supports you without sacrificing your relationships, hobbies, or overall joy in life. My approach to nutrition counseling is rooted in curiosity and compassion. Your habits around food are unique to your experiences and upbringing. The healing goes far beyond just counting calories and hitting goal weights.
(206) 984-8687 View (206) 984-8687

More Dietitians and Nutritionists Nearby

Photo of Vivian Moran, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, CDN, MBA
Vivian Moran
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, CNS, CDN, MBA
Serves Area
After 30 years of gut issues and many specialists, she wrote to me after a few months of working together: “I want you to know that this Thanksgiving I am grateful for you.
Do you feel like you’re doing everything right, but your weight, energy, digestion, or blood sugar still aren’t where they should be? Many people I work with are frustrated. They’ve tried diets, seen specialists, and tried to be healthy, yet their body doesn’t respond the way it once did. Often the issue isn’t willpower. Your metabolism may simply need the right support. Together we make small, simple changes to the food & lifestyle choices you make daily—guided by science, & tailored to your body. My clients report sustainable weight loss, steadier energy, improved digestion, blood sugar balance, strong bones, & renewed confidence.
After 30 years of gut issues and many specialists, she wrote to me after a few months of working together: “I want you to know that this Thanksgiving I am grateful for you.
Do you feel like you’re doing everything right, but your weight, energy, digestion, or blood sugar still aren’t where they should be? Many people I work with are frustrated. They’ve tried diets, seen specialists, and tried to be healthy, yet their body doesn’t respond the way it once did. Often the issue isn’t willpower. Your metabolism may simply need the right support. Together we make small, simple changes to the food & lifestyle choices you make daily—guided by science, & tailored to your body. My clients report sustainable weight loss, steadier energy, improved digestion, blood sugar balance, strong bones, & renewed confidence.
(914) 506-4781 View (914) 506-4781
Photo of Jenna Volpe, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
Jenna Volpe
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD, CLT
Austin, TX 78750
Using a holistic and functional nutrition approach, I help people to reverse and heal their gut issues naturally (using food and herbal medicine) so you may enjoy a more vibrant, empowered life!
As a holistic and functional dietitian nutritionist and clinical herbalist, I'll help you to leave no stone unturned until you feel realigned. We'll lean on the resources provided to us by Mother Nature as much as possible, via a "food as medicine" approach. I have also walked this path first-hand as a former IBS sufferer and "wounded healer".
Using a holistic and functional nutrition approach, I help people to reverse and heal their gut issues naturally (using food and herbal medicine) so you may enjoy a more vibrant, empowered life!
As a holistic and functional dietitian nutritionist and clinical herbalist, I'll help you to leave no stone unturned until you feel realigned. We'll lean on the resources provided to us by Mother Nature as much as possible, via a "food as medicine" approach. I have also walked this path first-hand as a former IBS sufferer and "wounded healer".
Photo of Naia Riley, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, BS
Naia Riley
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, BS
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I specialize in trauma-informed care for eating disorders, feeding disorders (ARFID, Rumination Syndrome), digestive issues, and navigating allergens.
Accepting New Clients! Tired of feeling like food is the enemy or your body is a problem to fix? If you're exhausted from second-guessing every bite, overwhelmed by food decisions, or disconnected from your body’s cues, you're not alone — and you don’t have to heal alone either. Many of my clients come to me feeling like they’ve tried everything and still feel stuck. I’m here to offer a new way forward: one rooted in safety, compassion, creativity, and who You are as a whole person.
I specialize in trauma-informed care for eating disorders, feeding disorders (ARFID, Rumination Syndrome), digestive issues, and navigating allergens.
Accepting New Clients! Tired of feeling like food is the enemy or your body is a problem to fix? If you're exhausted from second-guessing every bite, overwhelmed by food decisions, or disconnected from your body’s cues, you're not alone — and you don’t have to heal alone either. Many of my clients come to me feeling like they’ve tried everything and still feel stuck. I’m here to offer a new way forward: one rooted in safety, compassion, creativity, and who You are as a whole person.
(510) 201-5672 View (510) 201-5672
Photo of Jacqueline Ayoub, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Jacqueline Ayoub
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78756
I am an expert in digestive/ gut health (IBS-D, crohns, UC, GERD, SIBO), food allergies, food sensitivities, autoimmune diagnosis, PCOS, fatty liver, diabetes, thyroid disorders, heart health, and weight management.
Guide for making realistic, personalized dietary changes, vitamins/supplements when appropriate, lifestyle, menu planning, recipes, and incorporating wellness in a busy lifestyle.
I am an expert in digestive/ gut health (IBS-D, crohns, UC, GERD, SIBO), food allergies, food sensitivities, autoimmune diagnosis, PCOS, fatty liver, diabetes, thyroid disorders, heart health, and weight management.
Guide for making realistic, personalized dietary changes, vitamins/supplements when appropriate, lifestyle, menu planning, recipes, and incorporating wellness in a busy lifestyle.
(512) 807-0768 View (512) 807-0768
Photo of Amanda Wikan, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Amanda Wikan
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN
Serves Area
I specialize in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and complex gut issues that haven't responded to standard approaches.
My clients typically come to me with some combination of bloating, cramping, urgency, constipation, or diarrhea that hasn't resolved despite consistent effort, and confusion or fear around food after years of conflicting advice. Often, they've seen gastroenterologists and multiple providers without getting a clear answer.
I specialize in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and complex gut issues that haven't responded to standard approaches.
My clients typically come to me with some combination of bloating, cramping, urgency, constipation, or diarrhea that hasn't resolved despite consistent effort, and confusion or fear around food after years of conflicting advice. Often, they've seen gastroenterologists and multiple providers without getting a clear answer.
(707) 868-5718 View (707) 868-5718
Photo of Carly Janak, Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Carly Janak
Nutritionist/Dietitian, RDN, LD
Austin, TX 78757
Hi there, I’m Carly (She/her). I’m so glad that you’re here! I’m a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist and Licensed Dietitian practicing in Texas. I received a Bachelor’s of Science in Nutrition with a business minor from the University of Texas at Austin. I currently live in Austin, Tx with my husband, two children, and new puppy. In my free time you can find me enjoying beautiful weather (aka not the Texas summer) outside, going for long drives around Austin, and experimenting in the kitchen…and let’s be honest, probably at some school, social or extra-curricular related event for my kids.
Hi there, I’m Carly (She/her). I’m so glad that you’re here! I’m a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist and Licensed Dietitian practicing in Texas. I received a Bachelor’s of Science in Nutrition with a business minor from the University of Texas at Austin. I currently live in Austin, Tx with my husband, two children, and new puppy. In my free time you can find me enjoying beautiful weather (aka not the Texas summer) outside, going for long drives around Austin, and experimenting in the kitchen…and let’s be honest, probably at some school, social or extra-curricular related event for my kids.
(832) 952-1459 View (832) 952-1459
Photo of Adriana Krueger - Austin Functional Nutrition, Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LD, E-RYT
Austin Functional Nutrition
Nutritionist/Dietitian, MS, RDN, LD, E-RYT
Austin, TX 78745
My ideal client is someone that has been dealing with digestive/autoimmune issues all their life and has a strong connection with their bodies, is open minded and willing to receive guidance with non conventional nutrition and energy medicine protocols .
Areas of my expertise include: Nutrigenomics, Special nutrition protocols for autoimmune conditions. Digestive disorders such as IBS/GERD, IC, diverticulitis, Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. Food sensitivity specialist, Ayurvedic nutrition, Herbalism, Parasitical infections, Lyme disease, vibrational sound therapy, shamanic energy work.
My ideal client is someone that has been dealing with digestive/autoimmune issues all their life and has a strong connection with their bodies, is open minded and willing to receive guidance with non conventional nutrition and energy medicine protocols .
Areas of my expertise include: Nutrigenomics, Special nutrition protocols for autoimmune conditions. Digestive disorders such as IBS/GERD, IC, diverticulitis, Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. Food sensitivity specialist, Ayurvedic nutrition, Herbalism, Parasitical infections, Lyme disease, vibrational sound therapy, shamanic energy work.
(512) 686-5635 View (512) 686-5635
Photo of Courtney Jacobs, Nutritionist/Dietitian, NTP, CGP
Courtney Jacobs
Nutritionist/Dietitian, NTP, CGP
4 Endorsed
Georgetown, TX 78633
I work with complex health issues and help clients get recovery from severe digestive issues, autoimmune diseases, mental health issues, stubborn weight loss, diabetes, eating disorders, brain fog, joint pain, SIBO, histamine intolerance, PMS, hormonal issues, oxalates/salicylates/lectin issues, nervous system conditions & limbic system hypersensitivity.
I healed from SIBO, mold exposure, severe food intolerances, parasites, histamine issues, oxalate/salicylate/lectin issues, limbic system issues, joint pain, fatigue, brain fog, anxiety/depression and sensitivity to light and sound, addictions and eating disorder using a combination of diet, lifestyle & and limbic/neural retraining exercises. You can too!
I work with complex health issues and help clients get recovery from severe digestive issues, autoimmune diseases, mental health issues, stubborn weight loss, diabetes, eating disorders, brain fog, joint pain, SIBO, histamine intolerance, PMS, hormonal issues, oxalates/salicylates/lectin issues, nervous system conditions & limbic system hypersensitivity.
I healed from SIBO, mold exposure, severe food intolerances, parasites, histamine issues, oxalate/salicylate/lectin issues, limbic system issues, joint pain, fatigue, brain fog, anxiety/depression and sensitivity to light and sound, addictions and eating disorder using a combination of diet, lifestyle & and limbic/neural retraining exercises. You can too!
(512) 886-9066 View (512) 886-9066
Gastrointestinal (GI) Nutritionists and Dietitians
What is gut health?
Gut health refers to the overall functioning and well-being of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Key to gut health is the gut microbiome, which is the collection of healthy bacteria living in the gut. These bacteria are essential for the digestion and breakdown of food, and their health significantly impacts digestion. Poor gut health can result in symptoms such as bloating, gas, diarrhea, constipation, and general abdominal discomfort, which may indicate imbalances or issues with the gut microbiome.

Can diet help with GI issues?
Diet plays a major role in gut health, and changes in diet can often reduce or eliminate some of the symptoms associated with gastrointestinal (GI) issues. Often, GI distress is due to food intolerances or sensitivities, such as gluten sensitivity or lactose intolerance. In these cases, eliminating the problematic foods from the diet can resolve the issue. GI problems can also stem from a combination of environmental or genetic factors, such as in the case of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Disruptions in the gut microbiome, such as those caused by taking antibiotics, can also lead to GI issues. In both scenarios, maintaining a balanced diet as much as possible with foods that support a healthy microbiome—such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and probiotic foods—can often significantly reduce symptoms and improve gut health.

What are the best foods for gut health?
Maintaining a balanced microbiome is essential for gut health, and this is best achieved through a varied diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and probiotic foods. Fruits and vegetables provide essential nutrients and fiber, which nourish the beneficial bacteria in the gut. Probiotic foods, which are those that contain live bacteria, are also great for gut health. Consuming probiotic foods and drinks, such as yogurt, kefir, kombucha, and tempeh, can help support the microbiome by contributing to the diversity of bacteria within the gut.

When should I see a dietitian for GI issues?
Many people can benefit from seeing a dietitian for GI issues. In general, most dietitians are knowledgeable about what foods support gut health and may help clients choose foods that support a healthy GI system, such as fruits and vegetables high in fiber or foods high in probiotics. Dietitians may be especially beneficial to clients with known gastrointestinal concerns, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). For clients diagnosed with these or similar conditions, dietitians can help clients identify food triggers and develop a meal plan for the client that minimizes symptoms. Dietitians may also work with clients who are having gastrointestinal distress (such as bloating, gas, constipation, diarrhea, etc.) but are not aware of the cause of their symptoms. In such cases, dietitians may be able to help the client identify the cause of the GI distress and coordinate with other medical professionals to help the client better manage their symptoms.